'ID

(Arabic), Syriac 'ida (festival, holiday), Turkish bayram either of the two canonical festivals of Islam. The first of these celebrations, according to the calendar, is the 'Id al-Fitr (al-'Id as-Saghir; Kk Bayram; Festival of Breaking Fast, or Minor Festival), which immediately follows the fasting month of Ramadan and occupies the first three days of the tenth month, Shawwal. It is a time of official receptions and private visits, when friends congratulate one another, presents are given, new clothes are put on, and the graves of relatives are visited. The second, the 'Id al-Adha (al-'Id al-Kabir; Kurban Bayram; Sacrificial Feast, or Major Festival), falls on the tenth and the following three days of the last month of the year, Dhu al-Hijjah. Throughout the Muslim world, all who can afford it sacrifice at this time a legal animal (sheep, goats, camels, or cattle) and then divide the flesh equally among themselves, the poor, and friends and neighbours, to commemorate the ransom of Isma'il (Ishmael) with a ram.