INSULL, SAMUEL

born Nov. 11, 1859, London died July 19, 1938, Paris British-born American public utilities magnate whose vast Midwest holding company empire collapsed in the 1930s. After working with one of Thomas A. Edison's London representatives, Insull went to the United States in 1881 to become Edison's private secretary. When the Edison General Electric Company was formed in Schenectady, N.Y., in 1889, Insull became a vice president. Three years later he became president of the Chicago Edison Company. By 1907 all of Chicago's electricity was provided by Insull's firm, now the Commonwealth Edison Company. Use of central power stations brought extension of his electrical power system to most of Illinois and parts of neighbouring states by 1917. His systems grew rapidly during the 1920s, not only because of central stations but also as a result of his formation of holding companies, the first of which was Middle West Utilities (1912). After Insull's vigorous promotion of such companies' stocks, various circumstances related to the Depression brought about the collapse of his top companies, which went into receivership in 1932. Insull fled to Europe and fought to escape extradition. He was returned to Chicago in 1934 and tried three times for fraud, violation of federal bankruptcy laws, and embezzlement, but he was acquitted each time. He spent most of the rest of his life in Europe.