JUAN MANUEL, DON

born May 5, 1282, Escalona, New Castile died 1348, Crdoba nobleman and man of letters who has been called the most important prose writer of 14th-century Spain. The infante Don Juan Manuel was the grandson of Ferdinand III and the nephew of Alfonso X. He fought against the Moors when only 12 years old, and the rest of his life was spent deeply involved in the political intrigues of his time. Don Juan Manuel is best known for his Libro de los enxiemplos del conde Lucanor et de Patronio (132835; Count Lucanor: or, The Fifty Pleasant Stories of Patronio, 1868), a treatise on morals in the form of 50 short tales, in which Count Lucanor asks questions of his counsellor. The work was written in a lucid and straightforward manner, with an informal and personal prose style, almost completely free of the usual ornate language of the day. It greatly influenced the development of Spanish prose, setting a standard for writers who followed. Of Manuel's 12 books, several are lost. Outstanding among his extant works are Libro de los estados (The Book of States), a treatise on politics, and Libro del caballero y del escudero (The Book of the Knight and the Squire), a treatise on society.