KONISHI YUKINAGA

died Nov. 6, 1600, Kyoto Christian general who spearheaded the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592. The son of a prosperous Sakai merchant, who was also an important official in the feudal administration of the noted warrior Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Konishi followed his father into Hideyoshi's service; he became one of the most trusted generals in Hideyoshi's successful attempt to unify Japan under central control. When in 1592 Hideyoshi decided to invade Korea, Konishi's troops were the first to land on Korean soil. For his early victories, which included the conquest of most of southern Korea, he received much glory. His small Japanese force was soon overextended, however, and Konishi was forced to accept the offer of a truce from Korea's Chinese allies. Negotiations dragged on inconclusively until 1597, when Hideyoshi launched a new invasion of Korea. Konishi's troops again met with early success, but just as they began to encounter stiff Chinese resistance, Hideyoshi died, and Konishi went home to participate in the civil wars to determine his successor. In the great Battle of Sekigahara (1600), his attempt to prevent control of the country from going to Tokugawa Ieyasu resulted in failure. Both Konishi and his father were converts to Roman Catholicism and were frequently mentioned in Jesuit reports from Japan as two of the most prominent and zealous Japanese Christians. It was because of his religious beliefs that Konishi, in the humiliation of defeat, refused to take his own life as his peers would have expected; he was instead captured and executed.