LOREN, SOPHIA

born September 20, 1934, Rome, Italy original name Sofia Villani Scicolone Italian film actress who rose above her poverty-stricken origins in postwar Naples to become universally recognized as one of Italy's most beautiful women and its most famous movie star. Before working in the cinema, Sofia Scicolone changed her name to Sofia Lazzaro for work in the foto-romanzo, popular pulp magazines that used still photographs to depict romantic stories. Her first film role was as an extra, one of many slave girls in the American production of Quo Vadis? (1951). Under the tutelage of producer Carlo Ponti (her future husband), Sofia Scicolone was transformed into Sophia Loren. Her career was launched in a series of low-budget comedies before she attracted critical and popular attention with Aida (1953), in which she lip-synched the singing of Renata Tebaldi in the title role. Loren's beauty often overshadowed her enormous talents as an actress, but her earthy charisma is evident even in such early works as Vittorio De Sica's L'oro di Napoli (1954; The Gold of Naples). With Ponti's help, Loren increased her international visibility by appearing in Hollywood films opposite such major stars as Cary Grant, Clark Gable, Frank Sinatra, Alan Ladd, William Holden, and Paul Newman. Such exposure was undoubtedly instrumental in helping her win an Oscar for best actress in De Sica's La ciociara (1961; Two Women), in which she delivered a powerful performance as the courageous mother of a teenage girl during World War II. Two other De Sica films showcased her comic talents and paired her with another Italian film icon, Marcello Mastroianni: Ieri, oggi, domani (1963; Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow), a film that earned an Oscar for best foreign film; and Matrimonio all'italiana (1964; Marriage, Italian Style). The best performance of her late career, again with Mastroianni, was for director Ettore Scola in Una giornata particolare (1977, A Special Day). International recognition for Loren's distinguished acting career includes a lifetime achievement Oscar in 1991 and a career Golden Lion from the Venice Film Festival in 1998. She also made headlines in the 1990s for her strong defense of animal rights. Additional reading Warren G. Harris, Sophia Loren: A Biography (1998).