MACDONALD, CYNTHIA

born Feb. 2, 1928, New York, N.Y., U.S. American poet who employed a sardonic, often flippant tone and used grotesque imagery to comment on the mundane. Macdonald was educated at Bennington (Vermont) College (B.A., 1950); Mannes College of Music, New York City; Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, New York (M.A., 1970); and the Houston-Galveston (Texas) Psychoanalytic Institute, where she was certified as a psychoanalyst in 1986. Originally Macdonald intended to make a profession of singing, and she worked toward that end from 1953 to 1966. She then taught English at Sarah Lawrence College (197075) and Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (197578). In 1979 she founded the creative writing program at the University of Houston, serving as codirector. Amputations (1972), her first published volume of poetry, attracted attention with its startling imagery. Almost all the poems in the collection concern misfits who have undergone physical amputation or who feel disassociated from society. Continuing the theme of separateness and alienation, Macdonald placed the subjects of her poems in Transplants (1976) in threatening, alien environments. (W)holes (1980) also focuses on grotesques and incongruous surroundings. Her later poetic works include Alternate Means of Transport (1985), Living Wills (1991), and I Can't Remember (1997). She also wrote the libretto for The Rehearsal (1978), an opera by Thomas Benjamin. In 1995 Macdonald focused on psychology, coediting Connectionism and Philosophy of Psychology with Graham Macdonald.