MARQUESS OF QUEENSBERRY RULES

code of rules that most directly influenced modern boxing. Written by John Graham Chambers, a member of the British Amateur Athletic Club, the rules were first published in 1867 under the sponsorship of John Sholto Douglas, ninth marquess of Queensberry, from whom they take their name. The rules are as follows: Rule 1To be a fair stand-up boxing match in a 24-foot ring, or as near that size as practicable. Rule 2No wrestling or hugging allowed. Rule 3The rounds to be of three minutes' duration, and one minute's time between rounds. Rule 4If either man falls through weakness or otherwise, he must get up unassisted, 10 seconds to be allowed him to do so, the other man meanwhile to return to his corner, and when the fallen man is on his legs the round is to be resumed and continued until the three minutes have expired. If one man fails to come to the scratch in the 10 seconds allowed, it shall be in the power of the referee to give his award in favour of the other man. Rule 5A man hanging on the ropes in a helpless state, with his toes off the ground, shall be considered down. Rule 6No seconds or any other person to be allowed in the ring during the rounds. Rule 7Should the contest be stopped by any unavoidable interference, the referee to name the time and place as soon as possible for finishing the contest; so that the match must be won and lost, unless the backers of both men agree to draw the stakes. Rule 8The gloves to be fair-sized boxing gloves of the best quality and new. Rule 9Should a glove burst, or come off, it must be replaced to the referee's satisfaction. Rule 10A man on one knee is considered down and if struck is entitled to the stakes. Rule 11No shoes or boots with springs allowed. Rule 12The contest in all other respects to be governed by revised rules of the London Prize Ring. See London Prize Ring rules.