MELEN, FERIT

born 1906, Van, Tur. died Sept. 3, 1988, Ankara Turkish politician who as prime minister and minister of defense headed a military-approved coalition government noted for harsh measures, including martial law court trials and executions of political foes. After graduating from the School of Political Science at the University of Ankara, Melen returned to his native city of Van and entered politics (1931). He served as auditor in the Ministry of Finance (193343) and director general of revenue (194450) before representing Van as a member of the Republican People's Party (RPP) in Parliament (195064); he was also minister of finance (196265). He and 47 of his conservative colleagues resigned from the RPP in 1967 to form the National Reliance Party, which later became part of the Republican Reliance Party. After the army ousted the democratically elected government of Suleyman Demirel, Turkey was ruled by a coalition government that included ministers from the National Reliance Party, the Justice Party, and the RPP. Melen served as minister of defense (197172) and prime minister (197273), and, under a coalition government headed by Demirel, Melen was minister of defense for a second time (197577). These coalition governments had limited power. During the 1970s Turkey was largely under martial rule as the army conducted a brutal campaign against terrorists and other political opposition.