MELENDEZ VALDES, JUAN

born March 11, 1754, Ribera de Fresno, Spain died May 24, 1817, Montpellier, France poet and politician. The representative poet of the Spanish Neoclassic period, he is considered by many critics to be the only genuinely readable poet of that period. He is best known for sensual, often erotic, poems written in good taste. After studying law and classics at Salamanca, Melndez Valds was appointed a professor at the university in 1778 through the auspices of a statesman and author, Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos. In Salamanca, Melndez Valds belonged to a circle of literati who formed what came to be described as the second Salmantine school of literature. He entered the judiciary, again with the aid of Jovellanos. When France invaded Spain in 1808, he barely escaped execution as a traitor by the Spanish forces but survived to become director of public instruction in the Napoleonic government. Forced to flee Spain when the French withdrew, he died in poverty in France. Melndez Valds wrote very eclectic poetry, much influenced by French, Italian, and classical models. He had a genuine feeling for nature and, at his best, displayed a considerable gift. A precursor of Romanticism in bringing the cult of the sentimental to Spain, he also kept alive the tradition of the romancethe dramatic, narrative ballad that once again flourished in the succeeding generation. In his later years, under the influence of the Philosophes and his mentor Jovellanos, he wrote philosophical odes that reflect the sentiments of the Enlightenment.