PALMA, JACOPO

born c. 1480, Serina, Bergamo, republic of Venice died July 30, 1528, Venice also called Palma Vecchio, or Palma Il Vecchio, original name Jacopo Negretti Venetian painter of the High Renaissance, noted for the craftsmanship of his religious and mythological works. He may have studied under Giovanni Bellini, the originator of the Venetian High Renaissance style. Palma specialized in the type of contemplative religious picture known as the sacra conversazione (a group of historically unrelated sacred personages grouped together). To his late 15th-century subject matter he applied the idyllic vision of Giorgione in colour and fused soft-focus effects. Palma's particular refinement of the Giorgionesque technique was his use of transparent glazes, most of which later deteriorated. Monumental figures, loose technique, and blond tonality characterize his finest work, such as the Sta. Barbara Altarpiece (c. 1510; Santa Maria Formosa, Venice). Palma developed an ideally feminine, blonde, pretty type, which may be seen in such works as the Three Sisters (State Art Collections, Dresden). This work, along with many of his later paintings, shows the influence of Lorenzo Lotto. Sixty-two of Palma's works remained unfinished at his death and were finished by his pupils. Presumably this accounts for the variable quality of his work.