POWELL, ELEANOR

born November 21, 1912, Springfield, Mass., U.S. died February 11, 1982, Beverly Hills, Calif. in full Eleanor Torrey Powell American film performer best known for her powerful and aggressive style of tap dancing. In 1965 the Dance Masters of America bestowed upon her the title of World's Greatest Tap Dancer. Powell studied ballet at age six and began dancing in Atlantic City nightclubs before she was a teenager. She joined the Co-Optimists dance troupe in New York City in 1928, about the time she began to study tap dancing. The following year she was a headline performer at New York's prestigious Casino de Paris nightclub, and she made her Broadway debut in the musical Follow Through. She signed a Hollywood contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and she first danced onscreen as a featured performer in George White's Scandals (1935). Within a few years, she ranked as MGM's top female dancer (with the possible exception of Ginger Rogers), and the studio created lavish screen vehicles tailored specifically to her talents. In such films as Born to Dance (1936), Broadway Melody of 1938 (1937), Rosalie (1937), Honolulu (1939), and Lady Be Good (1941), Powell exhibited an assertive, athletic style of tap dancing that was unique among female dancers of the era. As Fred Astaire observed, "She 'put 'em down' like a man, no ricky-ticky-sissy stuff with Ellie. She really knocked out a tap dance in a class by herself." Because of her dominating style and commanding virtuosity, she was not generally cast opposite male dancers-of whom there were few in her league-but rather was placed in roles in which her "independent woman" persona was showcased in solo dance routines. Only Astaire was her onscreen equal; their duet to Cole Porter's "Begin the Beguine" in Broadway Melody of 1940 (1940) is probably Powell's best-known dance number. More often, however, her leading men-including Robert Taylor, Robert Young, James Stewart, Jack Benny, and Red Skelton-handled the comedy and drama, leaving Powell to concentrate on all things terpsichorean. Despite her enormous popularity, Powell appeared in only 14 films during her career and largely retired after her marriage to actor Glenn Ford in 1943. She returned to star in Sensations of 1945 (1944), in which she performed a surreal number, dancing inside a giant pinball machine, and to perform a dance routine in Duchess of Idaho (1950). She hosted a religious television series, The Faith of Our Children, from 1953 to 1955. After her divorce from Ford in 1959, she performed for a few years in musical revues in New York and Las Vegas to great acclaim. Additional reading Margie Schultz, Eleanor Powell: A Bio-Bibliography (1994).