PUTNAM, SAMUEL (WHITEHALL)

born Oct. 10, 1892, Rossville, Ill., U.S. died Jan. 15, 1950, Lambertville, N.J. American editor, publisher, and author, best known for his translations of works by authors in Romance languages. After incomplete studies at the University of Chicago, Putnam worked for various Chicago newspapers and became a literary and art critic for the Chicago Evening Post (192026). Moving to Europe in 1927, he financed his ventures as an editor and publisher by translating numerous works by French and Italian writers. He founded and edited a critical magazine, The New Review (193132), which had an eclectic mix of contributors ranging from Ezra Pound to James T. Farrell. Returning to the United States in 1933, Putnam contributed regularly to such left-wing magazines as Partisan Review, the New Masses, and The Daily Worker until the mid-1940s, when his interests shifted to Latin American and Spanish literature. His authoritative translation of Euclides da Cunha's Brazilian prose epic Os Sertes appeared in 1944 under the title Rebellion in the Backlands, and in 1949 his translation of Miguel Cervantes' Don Quixote, on which he had spent 17 years, appeared to high praise. Putnam's survey of the history of Brazilian literature, entitled Marvelous Journey, was published in 1948. Another important work, Paris Was Our Mistress (1947), is a realistic depiction of the American expatriate community in Paris during the late 1920s and early '30s.