RAMO, SIMON

born May 7, 1913, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S. American engineer who made notable contributions to electronics and was chief scientist (195458) of the U.S. intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) program. From 1936 to 1946 Ramo worked for the General Electric Company, Schenectady, N.Y., developing microwave transmission and detection equipment and General Electric's electron microscope. In 1946 he accepted a position with Hughes Aircraft Company, Culver City, Calif., where he developed fire-control, radar, navigation, computer, and other aircraft-electronics systems. He also directed the development of the Falcon family of air-to-air guided missiles, which were used in the Korean War and became the major weapon on many fighter aircraft. Ramo and fellow engineer Dean E. Wooldridge left Hughes Aircraft in 1953 to form the Ramo-Wooldridge Corporation, obtaining financial support from Thompson Products, Inc. For the next four years, Ramo-Wooldridge had the primary responsibility for developing the Atlas, Titan, and Minuteman ICBMs as well as other missiles that were widely used in the late 1950s and '60s for defense, research, and exploratory probes into space. In 1958 Ramo-Wooldridge merged with Thompson Products to form Thompson Ramo-Wooldridge, Inc., a name later shortened to TRW Inc. Ramo was director of TRW until 1985. In addition to technical works such as Fields and Waves in Modern Radio (1944), Introduction to Microwaves (1945), and The Management of Innovative Technological Corporations (1980), Ramo's writings include such studies of the relationship between science and society as Cure for Chaos (1969) and America's Technology Slip (1980).