RENO

city, seat (1871) of Washoe county, western Nevada, U.S., on the Truckee River, near the California border and the Sierra Nevada foothills, amid magnificent and varied scenery. Adjacent to Reno is the city of Sparks. The first settler was C.W. Fuller, who built a toll bridge of logs across the river about 1860. The site was acquired by M.C. Lake in 1863 and was called Lake's Crossing. When the Central Pacific Railroad reached the site in 1868, a land auction was held, and homes were built almost overnight. The town was renamed for General Jesse Lee Reno of Virginia, a Union officer who was killed in the American Civil War. Until 1900 Reno served primarily as a distribution point, but, after several well-known people were granted divorces or were quickly married there under liberal state laws, the city became famous as a busy divorce and marriage centre. Being close to the Sierra Nevada Range and Lake Tahoe, Reno is a year-round vacation centre. The city is also the headquarters of the Toiyabe National Forest, and skiing, hunting, and fishing are available nearby. When gambling was legalized in Nevada (1931), Reno began to attract tourists to its many casinos. There are some small manufacturing plants in the area, and Reno is an important warehousing and distribution centre because of Nevada's Free Port Law, under which merchandise moving in interstate commerce may be stored and assembled in transit free of taxation. The University of Nevada was established in 1874 and was moved from Elko to Reno in 1886. The Mackay School of Mines Museum at the university has exhibits of the area's mining history. The Desert Research Institute was organized at the university in 1960. Reno is the seat of the Nevada Historical Society. Inc. 1879. Pop. (1991 est.) city, 143,001; Reno MSA, 272,077.