REUTLINGEN

city, Baden-Wrttemberg Land (state), southwestern Germany, on the Echaz River below the Achalm height in the Schwbische Alb (Swabian Alps), south of Stuttgart. Founded by Frederick II, it was chartered in the early 13th century and later became a free imperial city (until 1802). It was the scene of the Swabian League's decisive victory over Count Ulrich of Wrttemberg in 1377. The Tbinger (13th century) and Garden (14th century) gates remain of the old fortifications, and there are numerous high-gabled, half-timbered houses and several Gothic churches including the Marienkirche (begun in 1247) with 14th-century frescoes, an octagonal font of 1499, and a Holy Sepulchre of 1500. The economist Friedrich List was born in Reutlingen (1789). Textile manufacturing and leather tanning are the principal industries, and there are technical schools with research institutes in these trades. Pop. (1989 est.) 100,400.