SADR DIWANI 'ADALAT

in Mughal and British India, a high court of civil and revenue jurisdiction. It was instituted by Warren Hastings, the British governor general, in 1772. It sat in Calcutta and was the final court of appeal in civil matters; it consisted of the governor general and two members of his council. When the Bengal government clashed with the Supreme Court of Calcutta, which administered English law, Hastings tried to solve the problem of conflicting jurisdiction by persuading the chief justice, Sir Elijah Impey, to become head of the Sadr Diwani 'Adalat as well. But the East India Company vetoed the arrangement. This high civil court, like its counterpart for criminal jurisdictionthe Sadr Nizamat 'Adalatwas abolished after the Indian Mutiny of 185759, and its powers and jurisdiction were transferred to new high courts of judicature, set up by the Indian High Courts Act of 1861.