SAGE

also called Common Sage, or Garden Sage (Salvia officinalis), aromatic perennial herb of the family Lamiaceae (Labiatae) native to the Mediterranean region, cultivated for its leaves, which are used fresh or dried as a flavouring in many foods, particularly in stuffings for poultry and pork and in sausages. The bushes grow about 2 feet (60 cm) tall and have rough or wrinkled and downy, gray-green or whitish green oval leaves, and flowers are coloured according to the variety: purple, pink, white, or red. Sage has slightly stimulating properties; tea brewed from its leaves has been used as a spring tonic for centuries. In medieval Europe sage was thought to strengthen the memory and promote wisdom. The essential-oil content of sage varies up to about 2.5 percent; the principal components are thujone and borneol. S. officinalis, which has many varieties, grows wild and is cultivated in many parts of the world. Dalmatian sage, held in high esteem, is warmly fragrant and slightly bitter. There are several other species of Salvia (q.v.) that are also known as sage.