SPALATIN, GEORG

born Jan. 17, 1484, Spalt, Bavaria died Jan. 16, 1545, Altenburg, Saxony original name Georg Burkhardt humanist friend of Martin Luther and prolific writer whose capacity for diplomacy helped advance and secure the Protestant Reformation in its early stages. As a student Spalatin came in contact with various humanists, and he followed their custom in choosing a last name that reflected his birthplace. In 1505 he joined a circle of humanists led by the German scholar Mutianus Rufus and the same year began to teach in the monastery at Georgenthal. He was ordained priest and made tutor to the heir of Frederick III the Wise, elector of Saxony, in 1508. In 1511 he was made a preceptor to the elector's nephews, who were studying at Wittenberg, where Spalatin first met Luther. The following year Frederick appointed Spalatin his librarian, and in this position he gained increasing trust and respect at the elector's court. Spalatin passed his admiration for Luther on to Frederick and in 1518 persuaded the elector to protect Luther during the controversy over indulgences. This action was crucial to the progress of the Reformation. Spalatin also helped Luther receive a favourable reception at the Diet of Worms (1521), at which Luther's opponents failed in their efforts to condemn him. Spalatin similarly championed the Reformation through several successive diets and the tenure of two electors of Saxony, John and John Frederick. From 1526 he participated in the visitations of churches and schools that established the Reformation in Saxony. From 1530 he worked with Luther's associate, Philipp Melanchthon, in preparing the Augsburg Confession (1530), which legally established the Reformation in Germany, and in forming the Schmalkaldic League, a defensive alliance of German princes concluded in 1531. Also a translator of Luther's and Melanchthon's writings for Frederick, Spalatin wrote numerous historical works. Among them are Annales Reformationis (1718; Annals of the Reformation) and A Life of Frederick III, published in Georg Spalatins historischer Nachlass und Briefe (1851, ed. by C.G. Neudecker and L. Preller; Georg Spalatin's Historical Literary Remains and Letters).