STATISTICS: ALBANIA

Albania Official name: Republika e Shqipris (Republic of Albania). Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with one legislative house (People's Assembly ){1}. Chief of state: President. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Tirana (Tiran). Official language: Albanian. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 lek = 100 qindars; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = 147.15 leks; 1 = 250.52 leks. Demography Population (1998): 3,331,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 300.1, persons per sq km 115.9. Urban-rural (1995): urban 42.4%; rural 57.6%. Sex distribution (1995): male 49.50%; female 50.50%. Age breakdown (1996): under 15, 34.1%; 15-29, 24.2%; 30-44, 20.1%; 45-59, 12.4%; 60-74, 7.5%; 75 and over, 1.7%. Population projection: (2000) 3,401,000; (2010) 3,784,000. Doubling time: 47 years. Ethnic composition (1989): Albanian 98.0%; Greek 1.8%; Macedonian 0.2%. Religious affiliation (1995): Muslim 70.0%; Albanian Orthodox 7.3%; other Orthodox 4.0%; Roman Catholic 5.2%; other 13.5%. Major cities (1990): Tirana 243,000; Durrs 85,400; Elbasan 83,300. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1996): 22.6 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1996): 7.7 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1996): 14.9 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1996): 2.7. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1990): 8.9. Divorce rate per 1,000 population (1990): 0.8. Life expectancy at birth (1995): male 68.5 years; female 74.3 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population: n.a.; however, principal health problems in the mid-1990s included malnutrition (especially of children). National economy Budget (1995). Revenue: 54,024,000,000 leks (taxes 73.6%, of which excise taxes 19.3%, social security contributions 17.1%, import duties and export taxes 11.5%, value-added tax 10.3%; nontax revenue 26.4%). Expenditures: 77,134,000,000 leks (current expenditure 76.1%, of which personnel costs 23.9%, social security 18.2%, government operations and maintenance 15.9%, service of public debt 6.5%; capital expenditure 23.9%). Public debt (1996): U.S.$672,500,000. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): cereals 537,600; vegetables and melons 459,500 (mainly beans, peas, onions, tomatoes, cabbage, eggplants, and carrots), potatoes 137,000; livestock (number of live animals) 2,500,000 sheep, 1,900,000 goats, 850,000 cattle, 4,300,000 poultry; roundwood (1994) 409,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 3,488. Mining and quarrying (1995): copper ore 258,000; chromite 243,000. Manufacturing (value of production in '000 leks; 1993){2}: food products 824,000; textiles 263,000; clothing 139,000. Construction (1990): 12,428 units. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 3,903,000,000 (3,903,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) 179,000 (179,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) 3,527,800 (2,703,500); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 261,000 (261,000); natural gas (cu m; 1994) 77,000,000 (77,000,000). Gross national product (1996): U.S.$2,705,000,000 (U.S.$820 per capita). Population economically active (1995): total 1,325,000; activity rate of total population 63.0% (1993; participation rates: ages 15-64, 90.2%; female 49.0%; unemployed 12.9%). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1989) 4.7; annual income per rural household 80,835 leks (U.S.$ value, n.a.); sources of income: wages 53.0%, transfers from relatives abroad 21.5%, social insurance 11.4%; expenditure: n.a. Foreign trade Imports (1995): U.S.$679,000,000 (food, beverages, live animals, and tobacco 22.3%; manufactured goods 21.2%; machinery and transport equipment 20.3%; mineral fuels 9.7%; chemicals 6.8%). Major import sources: Italy 37.9%; Greece 26.8%; Bulgaria 8.0%; Germany 4.6%; Turkey 4.1%. Exports (1995): U.S.$205,000,000 (miscellaneous manufactured articles 45.6%; crude materials 24.7%; manufactured goods 14.1%). Major export destinations: Italy 51.5%; Greece 9.9%; Turkey 6.2%; Belgium-Luxembourg 5.4%. Transport Transport. Railroads: length (1996) 670 km; passenger-km 197,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 428,000. Roads (1995): total length 15,500 km (paved 30%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 58,682; trucks and buses 34,441. Merchant marine (1992): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 24; total deadweight tonnage 80,954. Air transport (1995): passenger-km 3,519,000; short ton-mi 223,000, metric ton-km 325,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 1. Education and health Educational attainment (1989). Population age 10 and over having: primary education 65.3%; secondary 29.1%; higher 5.6%. Literacy (1989): total population age 10 and over literate 91.8%; males 95.5%; females 88.0%. Health (1994): physicians 6,154 (1 per 552 persons); hospital beds 10,200 (1 per 333 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (1996) 49.2. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 2,324 (vegetable products 64%, animal products 36%); 96% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1996): 54,000 (army 83.3%, navy 4.6%, air force 12.1%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 1.1% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$14. {1} A transitional constitution was adopted on April 29, 1991. The proposed text of a permanent constitution was rejected in a referendum on Nov. 6, 1994. {2} Value of production in constant prices of 1990.