STATISTICS: BULGARIA

Bulgaria Official name: Republika Bulgaria (Republic of Bulgaria). Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with one legislative body (National Assembly ). Chief of state: President. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Sofia. Official language: Bulgarian. Official religion: none{1}. Monetary unit: 1 lev (leva) = 100 stotinki; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = 1,673 leva; 1 = 2,848 leva. Demography Population (1998): 8,273,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 193.0, persons per sq km 74.5. Urban-rural (1996): urban 52.6%; rural 47.4%. Sex distribution (1996): male 47.80%; female 52.20%. Age breakdown (1995): under 15, 16.9%; 15-29, 20.5%; 30-44, 20.0%; 45-59, 19.4%; 60-74, 17.6%; 75 and over, 5.6%. Population projection: (2000) 8,179,000; (2010) 7,926,000. Doubling time: not applicable; population is declining. Ethnic composition (1992): Bulgarian 83.2%; Turkish 9.4%; Gypsy 3.6%; other 1.3%. Religious affiliation (1995): Bulgarian Orthodox 36.5%, Protestant 1.4%, Roman Catholic 0.8%; Sunni Muslim 13.1%; other (mostly nonreligious) 47.8%. Major cities (1996): Sofia 1,116,823; Plovdiv 344,326; Varna 301,421; Burgas 199,470; Ruse 168,051. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1996): 8.6 (world avg. 25.0); (1995) legitimate 74.3%; illegitimate 25.7%. Death rate per 1,000 population (1996): 14.0 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1996): -5.4 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1995): 1.2. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1996): 4.3. Divorce rate per 1,000 population (1995): 1.3. Life expectancy at birth (1995): male 67.1 years; female 74.9 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population (1995): diseases of the circulatory system 869.8; malignant neoplasms (cancers) 192.4; accidents, poisoning, and violence 66.0; diseases of the respiratory system 63.0. National economy Budget (1995). Revenue: 328,328,900,000 leva (tax revenue 79.8%, of which social insurance 22.4%, value-added tax 18.1%, income tax 11.1%, profit tax 10.1%, excises 7.1%, customs and duties 6.5%, other 4.5%; nontax revenue 15.2%; other 5.0%). Expenditures: 377,923,300,000 leva (debt service 32.9%, social insurance 24.6%, defense 9.4%, education 9.4%, economic services 4.7%). Tourism (1995): receipts from visitors U.S.$473,000,000; expenditures by nationals abroad U.S.$195,000,000. Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): wheat 1,788,000, corn (maize) 1,198,000, sunflower seeds 530,000, barley 459,000, grapes 350,000, tomatoes 330,000, potatoes 302,000; livestock (number of live animals) 3,383,000 sheep, 2,140,000 pigs, 757,000 goats, 632,000 cattle; roundwood (1995) 1,970,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 23,400. Mining and quarrying (1995): zinc 75,000. Manufacturing (value of production in '000,000 leva; 1995): chemical and oil processing 186,592; food, beverages, and tobacco 162,596; metallurgy and ore mining 96,394; machine and metalworking 81,156; electronic and electrical equipment 37,871; other goods 220,947. Construction (1995): residential 429,972 sq m; nonresidential 156,890. Energy production: electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 39,306,000,000; coal (metric tons; 1994) 30,833,000; crude petroleum (barrels; 1995) 343,100; petroleum products (metric tons; 1993) 4,010; natural gas (cu m; 1995) 60,094,000. Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1995) 3.0; income per household (1995) 189,523 leva (U.S.$2,824); sources of income (1995): wages and salaries 37.5%, self-employment in agriculture 25.2%, transfer payments 15.7%; expenditure (1995): food 42.8%, housing and energy 7.5%, clothing 7.2%, transportation 6.6%, household durable goods 4.0%, health care 3.5%, education and culture 2.9%. Land use (1995): forested 30.2%; meadows and pastures 16.2%; agricultural and under permanent cultivation 38.0%; other 15.6%. Gross national product (1996): U.S.$9,924,000,000 (U.S.$1,190 per capita). Population economically active (1995): total 3,705,000; activity rate of total population 44.2% (1992; participation rates: age 16-59 , 16-54 70.2%; female 48.4%; unemployed 11.4%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$8,138,000,000. Foreign trade Imports (1996): 827,500,000,000 leva (1995; machine-building and metalworking equipment 13.8%; electrical and electronic equipment 7.6%; food, beverages, and tobacco 7.1%; textiles and knitwear 4.5%). Major import sources: C.I.S. 40.5%; Germany 10.9%; Italy 5.9%; Greece 3.4%; France 3.0%. Exports (1996): 859,800,000,000 leva (1995; chemicals and plastics 25.9%; food, beverages, and tobacco 16.9%; machine-building and metalworking equipment 16.9%; textiles and knitwear 3.3%). Major export destinations: C.I.S. 19.4%; Italy 9.7%; Germany 9.1%; Turkey 8.2%. Transport Transport{2}. Railroads (1995): track length 6,507 km; (1996) passenger-km 5,065,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 7,549,000,000. Roads (1995): length 37,320 km (paved 92%). Vehicles (1995): cars 1,647,571; trucks and buses 20,495. Merchant marine (1995): vessels (100 gross tons and over) 61; deadweight tonnage 391,000. Air transport (1995): passenger-mi 1,765,000,000, passenger-km 2,840,000,000; short ton-mi cargo 24,100,000, metric ton-km cargo 35,200,000; airports (1996) with scheduled flights 3. Education and health Educational attainment (1992). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no formal schooling 4.7%; incomplete primary education 12.5%; primary 31.9%; secondary 35.7%; higher 15.0%. Literacy (1992): total population age 15 and over literate 97.9%; males literate 98.7%; females literate 97.1%. Health (1995): physicians 29,069 (1 per 288 persons); hospital beds 89,190 (1 per 94 persons); (1996) infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births 15.6. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 2,907 (vegetable products 78%, animal products 22%); 116% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1995): 101,900 (army 75.9%, navy 2.9%, air force 21.2%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 2.8% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$125. {1} Bulgaria has no official religion; the 1991 constitution, however, refers to Eastern Orthodoxy as the "traditional" religion. {2} Public sector.