STATISTICS: MALI

Mali Official name: Rpublique du Mali (Republic of Mali). Form of government: multiparty republic with one legislative house (National Assembly ){1}. Chief of state: President. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Bamako. Official language: French. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = CFAF 560.38; 1 = CFAF 954.05. Demography Population (1998): 10,109,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 21.0, persons per sq km 8.1. Urban-rural (1995): urban 26.1%; rural 73.9%. Sex distribution (1997): male 48.71%; female 51.29%. Age breakdown (1997): under 15, 47.3%; 15-29, 26.1%; 30-44, 13.3%; 45-59, 8.2%; 60-74, 4.2%; 75 and over, 0.9%. Population projection: (2000) 10,751,000; (2010) 14,611,000. Doubling time: 23 years. Linguistic composition (1987): Bambara-Malink-Dyula (-Dioula) 50.3%; Fulani (Peulh-Foulfoulbe) 10.7%; Dogon-Kado 6.9%; Songha-Djerma 6.3%; Sonink-Marka 6.3%; Tamashek-Bella (Berber) 4.2%; Minianka 3.9%; Senufo 2.4%; Bwa- (Bobo-) Dafing 2.3%; Bozo-Somono 2.0%; other 4.7%. Religious affiliation (1995): Muslim 90%; traditional beliefs 9%; Christian 1%. Major cities (1987): Bamako 800,000{2}; Sgou 88,877; Mopti 73,979; Sikasso 73,050; Gao 54,874. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1997): 50.0 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1997): 20.0 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1997): 30.0 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1997): 7.1. Life expectancy at birth (1995): male 44.7 years; female 48.1 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population: n.a.; morbidity ([notified cases of illness] by cause as a percentage of all reported infectious disease; 1985): malaria 62.1%; measles 10.3%; amebiasis 10.3%; syphilis and gonococcal infections 6.0%; influenza 4.9%. National economy Budget (1996). Revenue: CFAF 313,300,000,000 (fiscal receipts 55.2%, nonfiscal receipts 14.0%). Expenditures: CFAF 324,700,000,000 (current expenditure 50.2%, of which wages and salaries 15.6%, interest on public debt 4.5%; capital expenditure 49.8%). Public debt (external, outstanding; 1996): U.S.$2,776,000,000. Tourism (1995): receipts from visitors U.S.$17,000,000; expenditures by nationals abroad U.S.$56,000,000. Population economically active (1987): total 3,437,489; activity rate of total population 44.7% (participation rates: ages 15-64, 67.4%; female 37.4%; unemployed 0.8%). Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1997): millet 1,030,000, sorghum 955,000, rice 623,000, seed cotton 500,000, corn (maize) 335,000, peanuts (groundnuts) 155,000, sweet potatoes 16,000; livestock (number of live animals) 14,500,000 goats and sheep, 5,725,000 cattle, 650,000 asses, 365,000 camels, 135,000 horses, 63,500 pigs; roundwood (1995) 6,539,800 cu m; fish catch (1994) 64,352. Mining and quarrying (1995): limestone 20,000; phosphate 3,000; iron oxide 708; gypsum 700{3}; gold 7,500 kg; silver 200 kg{3}. Manufacturing (1995): sugar 34,213; cement 11,197; soap 10,097; soft drinks 68,609 hectolitres; beer 41,690 hectolitres; shoes 111,000 pairs; cigarettes 114,928 cartons. Construction: n.a. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 289,000,000 (289,000,000); coal, none (n.a.); crude petroleum, none (n.a.); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) none (149,000); natural gas, none (n.a.). Gross national product (1996): U.S.$2,422,000,000 (U.S.$240 per capita). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1987) 5.6; average annual income per household: n.a.; sources of income: n.a.; expenditure (1986-87){2}{4}: food 54.6%, clothing 14.2%, transportation and communications 11.9%, housing and energy 8.7%, household durable goods 4.2%. Land use (1993): forested 5.7%; meadows and pastures 24.6%; agricultural and under permanent cultivation 2.0%; other 67.7%. Foreign trade Imports (1995): CFAF 386,400,000,000 (machinery, appliances, and transport equipment 33.1%; food products 13.4%; construction products 10.2%; chemicals 9.2%; petroleum products 8.5%). Major import sources: Cte d'Ivoire 22.6%; France 17.3%; United Kingdom 3.8%; Belgium-Luxembourg 3.2%; China 2.5%; Germany 1.5%; Spain 1.1%. Exports (1995): CFAF 234,700,000,000 (raw cotton and cotton products 55.5%; live animals 19.8%; gold 14.7%). Major export destinations: China 12.6%; Belgium-Luxembourg 8.7%; Spain 3.3%; France 2.9%; Cte d'Ivoire 2.1%; Germany 1.6%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1994): route length 398 mi{5}, 641 km{5}; passenger-mi 304,155,000, passenger-km 489,491,000; short ton-mi cargo 187,176,000, metric ton-km cargo 273,273,000. Roads (1995): total length 9,181 mi, 14,776 km (paved 12%). Vehicles (1995): passenger cars 24,700; trucks and buses 17,100. Merchant marine: vessels (100 gross tons and over) none. Air transport (1993){6}: passenger-mi 139,675,000, passenger-km 224,736,000; short ton-mi cargo 11,247,000, metric ton-km cargo 16,420,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 9. Education and health Educational attainment (1987). Percentage of population age 6 and over having: no formal schooling 86.0%; primary education 12.5%; secondary 1.2%; postsecondary and higher 0.3%. Literacy (1995): Percentage of total population age 15 and over literate 1,760,000 (31.0%); males literate 1,084,000 (39.4%); females literate 676,000 (23.1%). Health: physicians (1993) 483 (1 per 18,376 persons); hospital beds (1987) 3,430 (1 per 2,253 persons); infant mortality rate (1997) 124. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 2,149 (vegetable products 91%, animal products 9%); 91% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1996): 7,350 (army 93.9%, navy 0.7%, air force 5.4%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 1.8% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$5. {1} Multiparty legislative elections held in March 1997 were annulled by the constitutional court; new elections were held in July and August. {2} 1995 estimate. {3} 1994. {4} Weights of consumer price index components. {5} 1995. {6} Represents 1/11 of the traffic of Air Afrique, which is operated by 11 West African states.