STATISTICS: SINGAPORE

Singapore Official name: Hsin-chia-p`o Kung-ho-kuo (Mandarin Chinese); Republik Singapura (Malay); Singapore Kudiyarasu (Tamil); Republic of Singapore (English). Form of government: unitary multiparty republic with one legislative house (Parliament ). Chief of state: President. Head of state government: Prime Minister. Capital: Singapore. Official languages: Chinese; Malay; Tamil; English. Official religion: none. Monetary unit: 1 Singapore dollar (S$) = 100 cents; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = S$1.69; 1 = S$2.88. Demography Area: 249.5 sq mi, 646.1 sq km. Population (1998){2}: 3,164,000. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 12,681, persons per sq km 4,897. Urban-rural: urban 100.0%. Sex distribution (1996): male 50.29%; female 49.71%. Age breakdown (1996): under 15, 22.8%; 15-29, 22.8%; 30-44, 28.9%; 45-59, 15.5%; 60-74, 7.4%; 75 and over, 2.6%. Population projection: (2000) 3,288,000; (2010) 3,985,000. Doubling time: 64 years. Ethnic composition (1996): Chinese 77.3%; Malay 14.1%; Indian 7.3%. Religious affiliation (1995){3}: Buddhist 31.9%; Taoist 22.0%; Muslim 14.9%; Christian 12.9%; Hindu 3.3%; traditional beliefs 0.5%; nonreligious 14.5%. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1996): 16.0 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1996): 5.1 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1996): 10.9 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1996): 1.7. Marriage rate per 1,000 population (1996): 7.9. Divorce rate per 1,000 population (1994): 1.3. Life expectancy at birth (1996): male 74.4 years; female 78.9 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population (1994): diseases of the circulatory system 185.3; malignant neoplasms (cancers) 128.9; diseases of the respiratory system 87.0; accidents, poisoning, and violence 32.5. National economy Budget (1996). Revenue: S$28,038,000,000 (income tax 34.0%, nontax revenue 21.8%, motor vehicle taxes 8.7%, goods and services tax 6.4%, customs and excise duties 5.9%). Expenditures: S$19,175,000,000 (security 36.5%, education 18.2%, general services 9.1%, communications 5.6%, health 5.5%). Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): vegetables and fruits 5,310; livestock (number of live animals) 2,000,000 chickens; fish catch 9,665. Mining and quarrying (value of output in S$; 1994): granite 75,800,000. Manufacturing (value added in S$'000,000; 1995): machinery and appliances 18,752.6; chemical products 3,113.2; fabricated metal products 2,355.4; transport equipment 2,322.4; paper products 2,064.1. Construction (completed; 1994): residential 3,999,000 sq m; nonresidential 2,213,000 sq m. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 20,676,000,000 (20,585,000,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) none (408,800,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 47,760,000 (18,989,000). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1990) 4.2; income per household (1993) S$45,948 (U.S.$28,437); sources of income (1987-88): wages 81.2%, self-employment 16.8%, transfer payments and other 2.0%; expenditure (1992-93): food 30.0%, housing costs and furnishings 23.4%, transportation and communications 15.8%, recreation and education 9.0%, clothing and footwear 6.1%, health 2.8%, others 12.9%. Gross national product (1996): U.S.$92,987,000,000 (U.S.$30,550 per capita). Population economically active (1995): total 1,748,200; activity rate of total population 58.5% (participation rates: ages 15 and over, 64.3%; female 38.7%; unemployed 2.7%). Tourism (1995): receipts U.S.$8,212,000,000; expenditures U.S.$5,134,000,000. Foreign trade{4} Imports (1996): S$185,183,400,000 (office machines 11.7%, crude petroleum 6.1%, telecommunications apparatus 5.5%, electric power machinery 3.7%, petroleum products 3.3%, scientific instruments 3.0%, industrial machinery 2.5%). Major import sources: Japan 18.2%; U.S. 16.3%; Malaysia 15.0%; Thailand 5.5%, Taiwan 4.0%; Saudi Arabia 3.8%; Germany 3.7%. Exports (1996): S$176,271,900,000 (office machines 26.5%, telecommunications apparatus 8.0%, petroleum products 7.7%, optical instruments 2.1%, electrical circuit apparatus 2.0%, industrial machinery 1.6%, clothing 1.1%). Major export destinations: U.S. 18.4%; Malaysia 18.0%; Hong Kong 8.9%; Japan 8.2%; Thailand 5.7%; Taiwan 4.0%; Germany 3.1%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1996): length 83 km. Roads (1995): total length 3,035 km (paved 97%). Vehicles (1996): passenger cars 384,450; trucks and buses 139,113. Air transport (1996): passenger-km 53,640,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 4,191,000,000; airports (1997) 1. Education and health Educational attainment (1990). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no schooling 64.0%; primary education 31.3%; postsecondary 4.7%. Literacy (1990): total population age 10 and over literate 89.1%; males literate 95.1%; females literate 83.0%. Health (1996): physicians 4,566 (1 per 667 persons); hospital beds 10,668 (1 per 285 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births 3.8. Food (1988-90): daily per capita caloric intake 3,121 (vegetable products 76%, animal products 24%); 136% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1996): 53,900 (army 83.5%, navy 5.4%, air force 11.1%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 4.7% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$1,329. {1} Includes 7 nonelective seats. {2} De jure population. {3} De jure population aged 10 years and over. {4} Import figures are f.o.b. in balance of trade.