STATISTICS: SPAIN

Spain Official name: Reino de Espaa (Kingdom of Spain). Form of government: constitutional monarchy with two legislative houses (Senate ; Congress of Deputies ). Chief of state: King. Head of government: Prime Minister. Capital: Madrid. Official language: Castilian Spanish{2}. Monetary unit: 1 peseta (Pta) = 100 cntimos; valuation (Sept. 25, 1998) 1 U.S.$ = Ptas 141.88; 1 = Ptas 241.55. Demography Population (1998): 39,371,000{3}. Density (1998): persons per sq mi 201.3, persons per sq km 77.8. Urban-rural (1990): urban 78.4%; rural 21.6%. Sex distribution (1997): male 48.92%; female 51.08%. Age breakdown (1997): under 15, 15.8%; 15-29, 24.1%; 30-44, 22.1%; 45-59, 16.8%; 60-69, 10.4%; 70 and over, 10.8%. Population projection: (2000) 39,466,000; (2010) 39,917,000. Doubling time: not applicable; doubling time exceeds 100 years. Ethnolinguistic composition (1991): Spanish 74.4%; Catalan 16.9%; Galician 6.4%; Basque 1.6%; other 0.7%. Religious affiliation (1995): Roman Catholic 66.7%; Muslim 1.2%; Protestant 0.8%; other 31.3%. Major cities (1996){4}{5}: Madrid 2,866,850; Barcelona 1,508,805; Valencia 746,683; Seville 697,487; Zaragoza 601,674. Vital statistics Birth rate per 1,000 population (1995): 9.2 (world avg. 25.0). Death rate per 1,000 population (1995): 8.7 (world avg. 9.3). Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (1995): 0.5 (world avg. 15.7). Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 1996): 1.3. Life expectancy at birth (1996): male 74.9 years; female 81.8 years. Major causes of death per 100,000 population (1994): circulatory diseases 334.2; malignant neoplasms (cancers) 224.3; respiratory diseases 78.8. National economy Budget (1996){6}. Revenue: Ptas 16,090,900,000,000 (direct taxes 46.8%; indirect taxes 38.9%, of which value-added tax on products 24.1%; other taxes on production 14.3%). Expenditures: Ptas 18,099,200,000,000 (public debt 19.1%; health 18.2%; education 5.9%; pensions 5.0%; defense 4.8%). Tourism (1995): receipts U.S.$25,701,000,000; expenditures U.S.$4,540,000,000. Gross national product (1996): U.S.$563,249,000,000 (U.S.$14,350 per capita). Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing (1996): barley 10,660,000, sugar beets 7,359,000, wheat 6,002,000, grapes 4,486,000, potatoes 4,032,000, corn (maize) 3,996,000, olives 2,856,000, tomatoes 2,780,000, oranges 2,154,000; livestock (number of live animals) 21,322,000 sheep, 18,000,000 pigs, 5,660,000 cattle, 2,465,000 goats; roundwood (1995) 15,121,000 cu m; fish catch (1995) 1,320,000. Mining and quarrying (metal content in metric tons; 1996): iron ore 1,269,000; zinc 140,000; lead 24,000. Manufacturing (value added in U.S.$'000; 1994): machinery and transport equipment 20,322,000; food products 11,072,000; chemical products 8,618,000; publishing products 6,082,000; wood products 3,208,000. Construction (1996): dwellings 311,038. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 1994) 161,502,000,000 (163,377,000,000); coal (metric tons; 1994) 29,556,000 (42,808,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 1994) 6,057,000 (407,793,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 1994) 42,227,000 (40,591,000); natural gas (cu m; 1994) 206,650,000 (7,754,694,000). Public debt (1997): Ptas 45,417,300,000,000 (U.S.$310,000,000,000). Population economically active (1996): total 15,936,000; activity rate of total population 40.6% (participation rates: ages 16-64, 60.7%, female 38.3%; unemployed 22.9%). Household income and expenditure. Average household size (1991) 3.4; income per household (1996) Ptas 2,964,843 (U.S.$23,408); expenditure (1995): housing 26.0%, food 24.0%, transportation 12.8%, clothing and footwear 7.4%, household goods and services 6.1%. Foreign trade Imports (1996): Ptas 15,435,699,000,000 (machinery 12.1%; energy products 9.1%, of which crude petroleum 9.0%; transportation equipment 8.5%; agricultural products 7.9%). Major import sources: France 17.8%; Germany 14.8%; Italy 9.5%; U.K. 8.3%; Japan 2.8%. Exports (1996): Ptas 12,931,008,000,000 (transport equipment 20.2%; agricultural products 12.8%; machinery 8.3%). Major export destinations: France 20.1%; Germany 14.5%; Italy 8.7%; U.K. 8.5%. Transport Transport. Railroads (1995): route length 13,280 km; passenger-km 15,330,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 9,671,000,000. Roads (1995): length 343,197 km (paved 99%). Vehicles (1995): cars 14,212,257; trucks and buses 2,984,140. Merchant marine (1992): vessels 2,190; deadweight tonnage 5,077,275. Air transport (1995): passenger-km 34,043,765,000; metric ton-km cargo 3,763,516,000; airports (1997) with scheduled flights 25. Education and health Educational attainment (1996). Percentage of economically active population age 16 and over having: no formal schooling 6.9%{7}; primary 28.0%; secondary 57.2%; higher 7.9%. Health (1995): physicians 162,650 (1 per 241 persons); hospital beds (1991) 168,514 (1 per 234 persons); infant mortality rate 5.6. Food (1995): daily per capita caloric intake 3,338 (vegetable products 73%, animal products 27%); 136% of FAO recommended minimum requirement. Military Total active duty personnel (1997): 197,500 (army 65.1%, navy 19.7%, air force 15.2%). Military expenditure as percentage of GNP (1995): 1.6% (world 2.8%); per capita expenditure U.S.$221. {1} At the March 1996 elections, 208 seats were directly elected and 49 indirectly elected by the parliaments of the autonomous communities. {2} The constitution states that "Castilian is the Spanish official language of the State," but that "all other Spanish languages will also be official in the corresponding Autonomous Communities." {3} Estimate based on 1991 census. {4} De jure population for January 1. {5} For municipios, which may contain rural population. {6} Preliminary. {7} Includes illiterate.