TORRIJOS (HERRERA), OMAR


Meaning of TORRIJOS (HERRERA), OMAR in English

born Feb. 13, 1929, Santiago de Veragua, Panama died Aug. 1, 1981, near Penonom virtual dictator of Panama (196878) who negotiated the Panama Canal treaties with the United States, leading to Panama's eventual assumption of control of the canal. Educated at a military school in El Salvador, he also studied military-related subjects in the United States and Venezuela. In 1952 he was commissioned second lieutenant in the National Guard of Panama (Guardia Nacional; the country's only military force), becoming lieutenant colonel (1966), colonel (1968), and brigadier general (1969). In October 1968 he participated in a coup by the National Guard that overthrew President Arnulfo Arias, and he gradually emerged as leader of the new military junta with the title Chief of Government and Supreme Leader of the Panamanian Revolution. He became one of the few Latin-American leaders who visited Fidel Castro in Cuba; but he also suppressed leftist labour agitators and students in Panama. Transfer of the Panama Canal and Canal Zone to Panamanian sovereignty became Torrijos' main objective, and he pursued it to a successful conclusion when on Sept. 7, 1977, he and President Jimmy Carter of the United States signed two treaties by which the transfer would take place gradually, to be complete in 2000. In the election of October 1978, Torrijos declined to run for the presidency, though he retained command of the National Guard. He died in an airplane crash in a jungle area while making a military inspection tour.

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