YORK, ALVIN CULLUM

born Dec. 13, 1887, Pall Mall, Tenn., U.S. died Sept. 2, 1964, Nashville, Tenn. celebrated American hero of World War I, immortalized by the film version of his life story, Sergeant York (1941). A blacksmith from Cumberland Hill, Tenn., York was denied status as a conscientious objector and was drafted into the army during World War I. While serving in the 82nd Infantry Division at the Meuse-Argonne Offensive (October 1918), he was among a patrol of 17 men ordered to take out a German machine-gun emplacement that was checking his regiment's advance. Behind enemy lines the patrol lost half its men but managed to take a handful of prisoners before it was pinned down by extremely heavy rifle and machine-gun fire. Corporal York assumed command and, while the rest of the survivors took up defensive positions and stood guard over the prisoners, York attacked alone and, firing rapidly and with deadly accuracy at the enemy gunners, killed 25 of them, which prompted the others to surrender. En route back to the American lines, he captured still more Germans, to a total of 132. York was promoted to the rank of sergeant and later received the Congressional Medal of Honor and similar honors from France and other countries. After the war he returned to Tennessee, where he lived on a farm given him by that state and helped establish an industrial institute and a Bible school for the education of rural youth. His autobiography, Sergeant York, His Own Life Story and War Diary (ed. by T. Skeyhill), appeared in 1928.