(1887–1940)
a US leader of the campaign for African-American rights, born in Jamaica. After moving to the US in 1916 he began the Universal Negro Improvement Association. He also began a ‘Back to Africa’ campaign to encourage African Americans to move to Africa and establish a new nation there. In 1925 Garvey was sent to prison for illegal use of money. He was sent back to Jamaica and finally settled in Britain.