BUDGET


Meaning of BUDGET in English

I. noun

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES

a budget deficit

Last year there was a budget deficit of US $70,000,000.

a budget/tax proposal (= a budget/tax plan )

Criticism of the budget proposals was voiced by the International Monetary Fund.

annual budget/income/cost etc

a household with an annual income of $60,000

budget constraints (= the limited amount of money that is available )

With any new project, you have to be aware of the budget constraints.

budget surplus

a huge budget surplus of over £16 billion

budget talks

The dollar fell as U.S. budget talks appeared unlikely to produce an agreement.

cash/budget/financial etc crunch

Cost cutting had enabled the organization to survive a previous cash crunch.

draw up a budget (= plan of how to spend the money that is available )

Each year business managers draw up a budget.

the defence budget (= amount of money a government makes available for defence )

They have called for the defence budget to be increased.

tight budget

As you know, I run the magazine on a pretty tight budget .

COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS

■ ADJECTIVE

annual

The annual defense budget stands at about $ 7 billion-40 times smaller than U.S. expenditures.

The average annual budget for state travel offices is $ 8. 7 million.

As director, he will be responsible for over 4,000 kilometres of roads and an annual budget of £50 million.

SURFnet has an annual budget of about 1 million ECUs for research and development, paid by the Ministry of Economic Affairs.

Prince Rainier finances most of his team's annual budget of £800,000.

That's.02 percent of our annual budget .

The unit employs 1,100 and has an annual budget of £33m.

From 1930 until 1937 the total annual budget of the 515 never exceeded $ 17, 400.

big

Consider Britain, where Tesco, a supermarket chain, is now the brand with the biggest ad budget .

Now that he has the reputation to command big budgets , his films are simply gorgeous.

He believed in big defence budgets and plenty of parades.

Surprisingly in view of its much bigger budget , Notting Hill seems a more personal film than Four Weddings.

However, the more scary his pronouncements, the bigger his budget became.

One thing Carry Ons have never been is big budget movies.

The agency has recently outlined some ambitious plans, including a bigger budget for the Ames laboratory to carry out more experiments.

Such big-budget films benefit the industry in a variety of ways.

federal

Any macroeconomic fiscal policy would, therefore, have to be carried out through the federal budget .

Even in cities which generally fared well in the face of federal budget cuts, the impacts in these areas were significant.

Though sharply reduced in the last couple of years, federal budget deficits continue.

They have kept the government shut to pressure the president to agree to a seven-year plan to balance the federal budget .

Clinton and congressional Republicans have been at odds over a plan to balance the federal budget in seven years.

Medicare, Medicaid and other entitlement programs that comprise two-thirds of the federal budget .

In fact, the federal budget is designed to deflect responsibility away from politicians.

tight

The government would end price controls and subsidies to industry, and impose tight budgets and curbs on welfare spending.

And, Tom was working on a tight budget .

With tight defence budgets , Trinidad is trying to change the law to make use of seized assets a priority.

Some may experience considerable pressure to meet technical or scientific goals within a short time or within a tight budget .

We had a really tight budget and we feared the cost of turning it into a home was way beyond our means.

The panel wanted to make the new drugs accessible to poor Texans but was faced with a tight budget .

Working on a tight budget , we opted for more on-board memory at the expense of a large capacity harddisk.

The competition set a fairly tight budget so Julia decided to mix second-hand clothes with new ones.

total

The total annual operating budget of the Cyclone Preparedness Programme was under US$136,000.

Most top intelligence bosses like the secrecy, arguing that revealing even a total budget will increase pressure to release details.

In many primary schools, this is likely to be up to 88 percent of the total budget .

Sunnyvale was starting with large reserves, and its total budget was only $ 125 million.

Only about £500,000 out of a total budget of £160m was involved.

The total budget for the project is $ 5. 4 million.

The total budget for 1992 will be approximately US$3.8 million.

The total budget for 1996-97 was $ 6. 3 million.

■ NOUN

agreement

Last year's budget agreement included new goodies for oil.

Congressional Republicans have made an increase in the debt ceiling contingent on a balanced budget agreement to their liking.

Investors fear that without a budget agreement , the Federal Reserve will decline to cut interest rates.

A look back to 1990, to the disastrous budget agreement reached by George Bush, should provide Republicans with some comfort.

Divisions among Republicans about how quickly to push for a budget agreement already are apparent.

Optimism about the likelihood of a budget agreement is helping to maintain healthy bidding for Treasurys.

Prices were lifted after budget negotiators in Washington cancelled meetings today and delayed talks aimed at reaching a balanced-budget agreement .

amendment

Any balanced budget amendment has to have some exceptions and some implementation provisions.

Senate debate on the proposed balanced budget amendment could begin as early as next week.

If so, a balanced budget amendment could leave the budget-cutting job to the courts.

Without the balanced budget amendment , the jury remains out on both questions.

And this probably explains why the balanced budget amendment to the Constitution seemed to be in trouble last week.

I believe the balanced budget amendment proposal would subject the nation to unacceptable economic risks in perpetuity.

The balanced budget amendment forces Washington to live up to its responsibilities and address budget issues honestly.

cut

The proposed budget cuts would have affected housing subsidies, pensions, family payments and civil service pay.

Even in cities which generally fared well in the face of federal budget cuts , the impacts in these areas were significant.

And Britain's military capability-marginally useful to us during the Gulf war-has vanished with successive budget cuts .

But there was a budget cut after a year, and I was laid off.

The work of regulatory agencies was also undermined by budget cuts and a concerted unwillingness to enforce existing regulations.

The bureaucrat will almost always say that a budget cut is sure to result in the loss of jobs.

Supervisors said then they might have to consider budget cuts to make up for the energy costs.

The administration's treatment of the National Fire Plan already indicates how budget cuts put new pressures on Congress.

deal

Medicare cuts in the 1997 federal budget deal , in turn, helped make possible capital-gains tax cuts for investors.

In a real sense, the balanced budget amendment is an insurance policy against a bad budget deal .

There are more dubious politics than sensible economics in the budget deal negotiated by the White House and the Republican leadership.

The first 1990 budget deal , for instance, was rejected by the House but eventually was salvaged.

The reference is to the 1990 budget deal in Washington that helped bring down President Bush.

defence

With commitment and amounts of cash that seemed paltry when compared with government defence budgets , that problem could be solved.

Only the defence budget will see the benefit of prosperity.

The Defence budget would stand buying another catapult tomorrow; my crossbow would just have to wait another week or so.

The problems of the Defence budget are generally well known.

With tight defence budgets , Trinidad is trying to change the law to make use of seized assets a priority.

After yesterday's announcement of huge cuts in the defence budget , things can only get worse.

The majority of voters also favoured cuts in the defence budget and level or increased Spending on domestic education and health programmes.

This is presumably why Mr Bush refused to authorise an immediate increase in the defence budget .

deficit

As a senator, Dole has worried more about budget deficits and debt than most of his Republican colleagues.

Though sharply reduced in the last couple of years, federal budget deficits continue.

Analysts suggested that the revenue from the ports would provide much-needed resources to reduce the country's massive budget deficit .

Many analysts had called for a more ambitious target in reducing the budget deficit .

They say it would be an inexpensive way to help slash the budget deficit .

The main cause of inflation was the overall public-sector budget deficit .

education

At present Wolverhampton appears to employ more non-teaching staff than teachers under its education budget .

All 3 political groups on the county council, supported by hundreds of parents, agreed an education budget above Government limits.

The rise in government expenditure especially benefited the education budget which was increased by 8.6 percent to F228,000 million.

Now schools are forecasting more job losses as £7m comes off the education budget .

Each Overseas Group also has a Development Education budget .

Governors have taken to raiding education budgets in order to finance the ballooning costs of Medicaid and prisons.

This week the council said the 7.5 percent pay rise given to teachers left them with an education budget shortfall of £2.5m.

The federal government controls just 6% of the education budget .

impasse

And, thanks to the budget impasse , they have not.

The tax expired last Dec. 31, a casualty of a congressional budget impasse in Washington.

Stock and bond markets recovered yesterday as investors focused on other issues besides the budget impasse .

The bond market also reacted negatively to the budget impasse .

With the federal government still partly closed by the budget impasse , economic reports are available only from private sources.

The Wall Street retreat was also nudged by fears throughout the day stirred by the continued budget impasse .

Dole and other lawmakers as the budget impasse has dragged on.

Routine revisions to the previous months' figures were delayed by the budget impasse between the White House and Congress.

negotiation

McCurry said he expects the issue to come up at budget negotiations with congressional Republicans.

And while the budget negotiations are causing grief right now for front-running Sen.

Clinton also alluded to the intractable ideological divide that led to the suspension of top-level budget negotiations .

Which brings us to the snow job piling up around the budget negotiations themselves.

If no progress is made in the budget negotiations by Jan. 26, the government offices could be shut down again.

plan

Labour could not complain if the press pointed out that higher-rate taxpayers would be worse off under John Smith's budget plans .

But the budget plan for fiscal 1998 that Clinton sent to Capitol Hill last week eliminated most of that dip.

Governors have responsibility for agreeing the school's budget plans .

Republicans have used temporary spending measures and government shutdowns in attempts to pressure Clinton into accepting their budget plan .

Many lenders automatically put their borrowers on a budget plan without asking them their preferences at the outset.

Afterwards, Republican pessimism about the latest development was fed by an inspection of the new Clinton-backed budget plan .

Clinton touted several proposals for increased education spending he said will be in the budget plan he releases next week.

Bits and pieces of the forthcoming budget plan have been dribbling out for weeks.

proposal

On Jan. 14 Olszewski had agreed to look into budget proposals from the Solidarity trade union which would cause less hardship.

Strong oral and written communication skills are essential for analysts to prepare, present, and defend budget proposals to decision makers.

To find out we asked a number of interested parties for their own budget proposals .

His only promise to the Democrats, he says, was to support the final budget proposal that emerged from the committee.

Details of the party's policy commitments are expected to be set out in its budget proposal next month.

Budget analysts spend the majority of their time working independently, compiling and analyzing data and preparing budget proposals .

Oslo: The government's 1990 budget proposals had little effect, with the index slipping 2.39 to 515.81 in moderate trade.

The Clinton administration has proposed expanding Operation Restore Trust nationwide by allocating it $ 597 million under the fiscal 1997 budget proposal .

state

Another friction point is the red-ink state budget , which has been running a deficit of several billion dollars.

The Democratic majority in the Assembly has put up most of the votes for state budgets in recent years.

Legal immigrants -- Unresolved issue in the state budget .

Above all, there seemed no way out: the State budget was on the brink of bankruptcy.

Most of what happens in the state budget each year gets little notice from the public.

Schools are, by far, the largest part of the state budget and often a bone of contention.

surplus

The budget surplus of A$8,107 million was the fourth consecutive surplus, and would be used to reduce overseas debt.

Bush spent the campaign pretending that this was an election about the budget surplus , or social security or the military.

A budget surplus of EC$12,300,000 was predicted on the current account.

The result has been a burgeoning budget surplus .

The government is running a large budget surplus and expects to carry on doing so.

Interest rates can be cut and Bill Clinton's budget surplus spent.

■ VERB

approve

The Supreme Soviet approved the 1992 budget on July 17.

This generally proves useful when they interpret and offer technical assistance to officials approving the budget .

Eventually, in late August, the state legislature approved a budget similar to that which it had rejected on June 30.

Congress and President Clinton have approved budgets for some agencies for fiscal 1996, which began Oct. 1.

The mayor and Board of Supervisors must approve a new budget by July 1.

The Assembly approved a programme budget of US$734,936,000 for the biennium 1992-93.

Thanks for approving the budget for the behavior profiling software I requested.

balance

Governments are not required to balance their budgets .

Archer suggested many of the reforms sought by Clinton were in the seven-year balanced budget package vetoed by the president.

Washington has managed to balance the federal budget only twice since 1960, the last time in 1969.

He simply promised the addition of a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution and asked voters to trust him to reduce spending.

The plan also calls for balancing the budget without deep cuts in Medicare, education and environmental protection.

He has yet to deliver on promises such as welfare reform, an overhaul of campaign financing or a balanced budget .

increase

All the companies surveyed have increased their intelligence-gathering budgets substantially in the past five years ....

The government hit consumers with stiff tax increases in the 1996 budget .

The Government plans to increase education budgets , in real terms, by 3.2 percent.

After two years in office they had increased the defense budget from $ 40 to $ 46 billion.

This school, however, was an exception: in most, heads had managed to maintain or increase the budget .

Eisenhower had his greatest difficulties with the Army, for it suffered most from his refusal to increase the Defense Department budget .

And that support had been bought at the cost of considerably increasing the budget .

present

Immediately after announcing details of the new industrial policy Singh presented his first budget to the Lok Sabha.

Each executive then presented plans and budgets for their respective departments.

Clinton is expected to address budget issues in his State of the Union speech Tuesday, and he presents his budget Thursday.

The Treaty of Amiens in 1802 brought a brief peace, and by June 1803 Addington was again presenting a war budget .

Jardana presented his 1990 budget to the House of Representatives on Jan. 6, 1990.

For a new chancellor, presenting a budget for an unpopular government, it was the best he could do.

propose

Senate debate on the proposed balanced budget amendment could begin as early as next week.

The proposed budget would end the next fiscal year in the black by a razor-thin $ 54 million.

The governor will submit his proposal later this month, along with his proposed fiscal 1997 state budget .

Under the proposed budget , $ 25 million would go to the effort in 1996-97.

Colleges and universities Higher education funding in the proposed budget keeps step with the third year of a four-year agreement.

Wilson marked it for full funding in his proposed budget .

Clinton fired the opening salvo last month when he included tax cuts in his proposed 1997 budget .

reduce

Many analysts had called for a more ambitious target in reducing the budget deficit.

Only nations that reduce their budget deficits to 3 percent of gross domestic product and accumulated debt to 60 percent automatically qualify.

Voice over Mrs Blanchard's already told Mr Coombs of her plan for reducing the budget deficit.

As for this year, one-time items will reduce the 1996 budget deficit.

They agreed that countries with fiscal and current-account deficits should reduce budget deficits and increase private savings.

set

Details of the party's policy commitments are expected to be set out in its budget proposal next month.

Although we weren't set any price limits, I decided to be realistic, and set myself a budget .

The competition set a fairly tight budget so Julia decided to mix second-hand clothes with new ones.

Her salary is not excessive so she is setting herself a strict budget for her homebuying.

We saw the effect of this recently when the Commission chastised Ireland for not setting a strict enough budget .

In many organizations budgets are set by adjusting the budget for the previous year, adding a bit for inflation, and so on.

Middlesbrough has set a budget of £21.6m, £1.4m above the provisional limit.

spend

Now they have to spend their mornings planning budgets and their afternoons paying bills.

The Finance Minister warned that there would be no increase in public spending in the 1991 budget .

His plan will include a $ 91 million spending request in the budget he proposes to Congress next month.

Fund-holders can spend any budget savings on things such as new equipment, extra rooms and extra staff.

Will the new spending plan keep the budget balanced for any longer than a year?

This Paufer preferred drinking to eating, and spent his slim budget proportionately.

He doesn't think it's fair but it depends how the health authority spends its budget .

PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

balance the budget

Congress may finally be forced to balance the budget.

During his presidential campaign, he promised to balance the budget.

Among all voters, Fabrizio found that two-thirds supported balancing the budget over cutting taxes.

But he and his Republican Congressional opponents have yet to decide on a seven-year plan to balance the budget.

Concern that White House and congressional negotiators were unable to reach an agreement to balance the budget helped send stocks plunging yesterday.

Talks aimed at agreeing on a plan to balance the budget within seven years are still taking place.

That would, of course, require deeper spending cuts in order to balance the budget.

We can do both, give tax relief to families and balance the budget.

balanced budget

And this probably explains why the balanced budget amendment to the Constitution seemed to be in trouble last week.

Any balanced budget amendment has to have some exceptions and some implementation provisions.

His proposals disappeared in the fight over a balanced budget.

In his speech, Dole specifically endorsed only one of them, an amendment mandating a balanced budget.

One of the earliest votes of the Congress is expected to be on a constitutional amendment to require a balanced budget.

Previous efforts to mandate term limits and balanced budgets and to outlaw flag-burning failed in Congress.

crime-buster/budget-buster/sanctions-buster etc

crime-busting/union-busting/budget-busting etc

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

Government cuts in the defence budget have meant a loss of 2000 jobs.

More cuts in the defense budget are expected.

Mum always worked out the household budget according to what we could afford.

Several of our recent projects have been wildly over budget .

Texas faces a budget deficit of over $4 billion.

The company has had to cut £46.000 from its advertising budget .

The council has said that jobs will have to be cut in order to balance the budget .

the firm's annual budget

The job will involve budgeting and decision-making, as well as managing the project.

The renovation work to St George's Hall was completed six months ahead of schedule and under budget .

You can choose any type of wood for your furniture, according to your budget .

EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS

A percentage of the takings is usually allocated to advertising: this is the advertising budget .

His first budget , in 1991, contained a $ 7 billion tax increase.

It is unlikely the new government will have time to draft a budget .

Key resources are technical personnel and aircraft spare parts which account for the largest share of the maintenance budget .

Mission-driven budgets relieve legislators of micromanagement decisions, freeing them to focus on the larger problems they were elected to solve.

The Council has to make savings on its budget of nearly £10 million to meet Government targets.

The Republicans were wedded to conservative fiscal views that stressed the importance of balancing the budget and cutting taxes.

The second reason is the fact that most people have a limited budget and are already spending all their cash on games.

II. verb

COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS

■ ADVERB

for

To avoid having to stint yourself, these need to be budgeted for in advance.

■ NOUN

capital

When evaluating capital budgeting decisions, it is this marginal cost that should be used as the appropriate cost of capital.

The marginal cost of capital is the discount rate that should be used in making capital budgeting decisions.

Personal computers also have simplified capital budgeting .

The most salient committees, in our experience, are ones responsible for capital budgeting , strategic planning, and compensation.

In addition to net present value, the internal rate of return on a capital budgeting project is also calculated.

Most governments use capital budgets to finance their long-term assets.

deficit

Consequently, he was budgeting for a deficit of about A$5,600,000.

government

Mary Schuh, who also opposed incorporation and is one of the great gadflies of local government , particularly around budget time.

Most governments use capital budgets to finance their long-term assets.

s

He is suing the doctor for the equivalent of the U. S . budget deficit.

S . currency after its early drop following the suspension of U. S. budget talks, traders said.

■ VERB

balance

Yet that earlier generation was able to live within its means, balancing budgets year after year.

plan

Experienced in taking responsibility for publishing programme development and management, including planning , budget setting and control.

The system illustrated here follows a logical sequence of development resulting in a short-term financial planning and cash budgeting system.

Within accounting departments, they may work in financial analysis, planning and budgeting , cost accounting, and other areas.

Infrastructure for planning , budgeting , and oversight was needed.

Reporting structures and planning , budgeting , and compensation systems, for example, remain wholly or significantly the same.

PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

balanced budget

And this probably explains why the balanced budget amendment to the Constitution seemed to be in trouble last week.

Any balanced budget amendment has to have some exceptions and some implementation provisions.

His proposals disappeared in the fight over a balanced budget.

In his speech, Dole specifically endorsed only one of them, an amendment mandating a balanced budget.

One of the earliest votes of the Congress is expected to be on a constitutional amendment to require a balanced budget.

Previous efforts to mandate term limits and balanced budgets and to outlaw flag-burning failed in Congress.

crime-buster/budget-buster/sanctions-buster etc

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

At university, young people have to budget for their living expenses, and organise their time.

By the time I had budgeted for food and rent I only had a few pounds left.

Each question should take 20 minutes, so budget your time accordingly.

Mark's capable of earning a lot, but he's no idea how to budget or save.

No money was budgeted to widen the freeway.

Our annual expenditure on training has been carefully budgeted.

We'll have to budget more carefully in the future. We've spent far more than we can afford.

EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS

City officials concede, however, that there is no money budgeted yet for the project.

It amounts to £92.5 million over five years which is supposed to be additional money to what is already budgeted.

Most service providers do not budget for this part of the business and often are shocked to see how much it costs.

The optional BillLimit feature enables customers to budget by setting a monthly limit.

They are suddenly faced with finding a place to rent and budgeting the cost of living.

III. adjective

PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

balance the budget

Congress may finally be forced to balance the budget.

During his presidential campaign, he promised to balance the budget.

Among all voters, Fabrizio found that two-thirds supported balancing the budget over cutting taxes.

But he and his Republican Congressional opponents have yet to decide on a seven-year plan to balance the budget.

Concern that White House and congressional negotiators were unable to reach an agreement to balance the budget helped send stocks plunging yesterday.

Talks aimed at agreeing on a plan to balance the budget within seven years are still taking place.

That would, of course, require deeper spending cuts in order to balance the budget.

We can do both, give tax relief to families and balance the budget.

crime-buster/budget-buster/sanctions-buster etc

crime-busting/union-busting/budget-busting etc

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

a budget flight

The Tourist Information Office will give you a list of budget hotels in the area.

Longman DOCE5 Extras English vocabulary.      Дополнительный английский словарь Longman DOCE5.