adjective
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a business/economic/election etc cycle (= related events in business, the economy etc that repeat themselves over a certain period )
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the presidential election cycle
a financial/economic/military etc disaster
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The project was a financial disaster.
a political/military/economic setback
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The defeat represented a major political setback for the conservatives.
a political/social/economic etc issue
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They discussed a number of political issues.
an economic boom
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the postwar economic boom
an economic embargo (= one that does not allow any trade or financial business with a country )
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He asked for an immediate end to the economic embargo imposed last year.
an economic enterprise (= one that is intended to make money )
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It's an economic enterprise, not a charity.
an economic forecast
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The Bank of England revised its economic forecast in the wake of the figures.
an economic impact
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It is difficult to measure the economic impact of the war.
an economic migrant (= someone who goes to another country to find a better job )
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They are economic migrants, escaping terrible poverty in their home country.
an economic miracle
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Brazil seemed to be experiencing an economic miracle.
an economic motive
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Many people believed that there were economic motives to the decision to go to war.
an economic programme
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The party did not have a clear economic programme.
an economic recession
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The economic recession of the '70s led to a fall in recruitment.
an economic recovery
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The U.S. is showing solid signs of an economic recovery.
an economic sector (= one part of the economy )
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The country is making efforts to expand such economic sectors as tourism and information technology.
an economic strategy
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The government has changed its economic strategy.
an economic theory
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His economic theory assumes that both labour and capital are perfectly mobile.
an economic zone (= an area with special trade or tax conditions )
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The area has been made a special economic zone.
an economic/military/business/political etc objective
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We have made good progress towards meeting our business objectives.
an economic/political/financial etc crisis
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The country was headed into an economic crisis.
commercial/economic exploitation
commercial/economic potential (= the potential to earn money )
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They were quick to recognize the band’s commercial potential.
commercial/economic/financial success
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None of his ideas had any commercial success.
commercial/industrial/economic etc logic
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Reducing your carbon footprint is also backed by good economic logic.
crime/economic/unemployment etc statistics
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The economic statistics tell a grim story.
cultural/economic/social etc imperialism
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Small nations resent Western cultural imperialism.
economic activity
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The current level of economic activity will influence business confidence.
economic affairs
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He was appointed Minister of State with responsibility for economic affairs.
economic assistance
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humanitarian aid and other forms of economic assistance
economic collapse
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the threat of economic collapse
economic depression
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the devastating effects of economic depression
economic downturn
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America’s current economic downturn
economic expansion
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Economic expansion in India and China is set to continue.
economic factors
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Economic factors limit our options.
economic failure
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Economic failure drove the government out of office.
Economic forecasters
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Economic forecasters think that the stock market is set to fall.
economic gloom
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It was a year of economic gloom for the car industry.
economic growth
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American aid was meant to kick-start the country’s economic growth.
economic inequality
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There has been an increase in economic inequality between nations.
economic liberty
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The country is slowly moving towards democracy and economic liberty.
economic performance
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Its economic performance has not matched that of other countries.
economic plight
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the country’s economic plight
economic problems
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He argued that the government was to blame for the country’s economic problems.
economic prosperity
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a time of economic prosperity
economic reform
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The Prime Minister has promised to push ahead with economic reform.
economic ruin (= when someone loses all their money or when a country loses a lot of its trade, industry, and wealth )
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Their policies have been driving this country to economic ruin for the past 13 years.
economic survival
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Both countries depend on wildlife-based tourism for their economic survival.
economic ties
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Japan and South Korea have close economic ties.
economic upturn
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an economic upturn
economic well-being
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We are now concerned for the economic well-being of the country.
economic/financial hardship
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The closure of the steelworks caused economic hardship for the town.
economic/financial incentives (= money that is offered to someone as an incentive )
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Doctors are encouraged through financial incentives to work in poor areas.
economic/fiscal policy
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The middle classes have suffered most as a result of government economic policies.
economic/industrial etc decline
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This area has been severely affected by long-term industrial decline.
economic/industrial/business etc development
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The US has been keen to encourage economic development in Egypt.
economic/market trends
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This forecast is based on current economic trends.
economic/political importance
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The role of the police has great political importance.
economic/political/scientific etc analysis
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His book provided a scientific analysis of human behaviour.
economic/political/social etc chaos
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Afterwards there was widespread famine and economic chaos.
economic/practical/political etc necessity
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I’m afraid it’s become a matter of economic necessity .
economic/social/environmental etc benefits
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Tourism has brought considerable economic benefits to the island.
economic/trade sanctions
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The United Nations is considering new economic sanctions.
environmental/nuclear/economic etc catastrophe
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The Black Sea is facing ecological catastrophe as a result of pollution.
financial/economic aid
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The commission said it was ready to provide financial aid to help farmers.
financial/economic difficulties
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The company is facing serious financial difficulties.
financial/economic information
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The financial information contained in the report is based on the company's audited accounts.
financial/economic planning
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Owing to poor financial planning, I was almost out of money.
financial/economic resources
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Lack of financial resources can result in homelessness.
financial/economic reward ( also monetary reward formal )
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It’s a difficult job, but the financial rewards are considerable.
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I’m not doing it for monetary reward.
financial/economic/capital etc gain
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They are seeking to realize the maximum financial gain.
financial/legal/economic etc constraints
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During the war, there were many physical and social constraints on citizens.
from a theoretical/political/economic etc standpoint
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Let’s look at the questions from an economic standpoint.
from an economic/financial/business point of view
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From a financial point of view, the concert was a disaster.
legal/political/economic etc ramifications
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the environmental ramifications of the road-building program
on the economic/political etc front
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On the technical front, there have been a number of important developments.
political/cultural/economic influence
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French political influence began to dominate the country.
political/economic etc clout
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people with financial clout
political/economic independence
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Zambia achieved political independence without a prolonged conflict.
political/economic/cultural etc dominance
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the economic and political dominance of Western countries
political/economic/military power
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countries with little economic power
political/emotional/economic/religious etc turmoil
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the prospect of another week of political turmoil
political/social/economic etc elite
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the domination of power by a small political elite
political/social/economic etc grouping
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During this period the family unit becomes the natural social grouping.
political/social/economic etc repercussions
political/social/economic realities
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He's ignoring political realities.
right-wing/liberal/economic etc think tank
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a leading member of a Tory think tank
social/economic/educational disadvantage
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Unemployment often leads to social disadvantage.
social/economic/emotional etc deprivation
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Low birth weight is related to economic deprivation.
social/political/economic consequences
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The rise in food prices has had enormous economic and political consequences.
social/political/economic equality
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Black people had to fight for social and economic equality with whites.
social/political/economic etc change
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Demands for political and social change are growing.
social/political/economic structure
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Many changes had taken place in the social and political structure of the island.
the economic environment
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The economic environment has changed, and many countries are sliding into recession.
the economic sphere
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Will the reform programme be extended beyond the economic sphere?
the economic/banking system
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There are fears that the whole banking system could collapse.
the economic/political situation
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The country’s economic situation continued to deteriorate.
the political/economic/social etc climate
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At the time the political climate was moving steadily to the right.
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ NOUN
activity
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The image presented was of potentially active individuals bereft both of health and satisfaction through enforced retirement from economic activity .
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Whether in boom or slump, economic activity almost always produces a surplus.
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Answer guide: Because the accounts are to do with measuring economic activity rather than the timing of receipts and payments. 7.
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Never mind the fact that, in market economies, almost any economic activity can sometimes be said to meet this test.
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Trend data on employment and economic activity rates for women are less reliable, particularly given their low unemployment registration rates.
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The Victorian age was not simply one of progress, measured in terms of population growth and economic activity .
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We need far more effective policies on small businesses to encourage employment and greater economic activity .
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Tourism, the islands' principal economic activity , continued to grow.
aid
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The United States suspended military and economic aid , but such support had been worth only US$16,400,000 in 1990.
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Buchanan has said he would gradually eliminate all foreign economic aid and give only limited assistance in instances of humanitarian disasters.
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Whereas the United States was in favour of taking a tough line, Britain argued that economic aid should not be stopped.
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When it asked for economic aid from the United States, Bush responded that the $ 119 million already promised was sufficient.
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So did Dulles, who promised economic aid to those who broke with the Kremlin.
base
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The Barringtons vividly demonstrate that the village as an occupational community declined because the underlying economic base could no longer support it.
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The unemployment picture reflects these changes in the economic base .
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These communities have an average population of between 200 and 700 and an economic base of agriculture plus some light industry.
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The new policy would seek to reverse the pattern of out-migration while strengthening the economic base of inner-city areas.
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There is a lot of inertia in the landscape with places persisting even after their former economic base has disappeared.
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Such a thin economic base could support only a limited population, in fact even less than the county actually held.
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Racial struggle is linked to class struggle, and racism fractures both the political superstructure and economic base .
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To the extent environmental controls undermine our economic base , they threaten our ability to pursue the environmental goals we all share.
benefit
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These environmental objections were considered to be serious enough to outweigh the economic benefits of allowing the proposal.
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They need to obtain positive economic benefits or cash flow early in the project life.
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It suffices that customers are expected to act in a way that will provide economic benefits to the entity.
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This exercise of economic power could be coercive, in the sense that A might prevent B from enjoying certain economic benefits .
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How does one decide whether the overall economic costs of regulation outweigh the overall economic benefits of regulation?
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The farmer in Upper and Central Bucks, where land values are lower, might see an economic benefit from the program.
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For example, a warrant will usually not be a liability as it does not contain an obligation to transfer economic benefits .
boom
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The potential economic boom has been welcomed by business leaders in Swindon.
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Indeed, in almost every speech, he celebrates the economic boom of what he calls the Clinton-Gore administration.
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Its appearance coincided with an economic boom and an ideological crisis.
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Treatment of blacks altered slightly with the great depression of the thirties and the economic boom of the wartime forties.
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He says they haven't had the economic boom .
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Is an economic boom an unsustainable trend?
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But it soon faded in the economic boom of the 1950s and 1960s.
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By the eighteenth century, an economic boom had resulted in an active type of pre-capitalism, ready to take off.
change
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A second impulse which prompted economic change came from outside the empire.
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First, one has to have self-pride, then you have to have political change , then follows economic change.
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A key concept in understanding such major shifts, and relating them to wider economic change , is uneven development.
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The state has become a microcosm of the economic change that has gripped the nation.
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These forces can be grouped into four major categories: political considerations, socio-demographic factors, economic change and financial constraint.
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They concluded that people as a whole react to events and to social and economic changes in reasonable and predictable ways.
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But Hashimoto has also led resistance to economic changes and concessions urged by the Clinton administration.
climate
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Net margins were 14% of turnover, a very good performance considering the very unfavourable worldwide economic climate .
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Creditor business continues to be affected by the poor economic climate but rating action has resulted in some improvement in Q2.
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Creditor business continues to be affected by the poor economic climate .
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The economic climate of the 1980's may give new significance to the DRAs.
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Despite the strictures imposed and the tough economic climate , William Grant &038; Sons is constantly investing in the future.
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The most attractive reason in the current economic climate can be summed up in just one word, margin.
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But Nalgo leaders say residents need the service more than ever in the current economic climate .
collapse
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The forest is new: the ultimate victor in the conflicts, economic collapse and depopulation of the late nineteenth century.
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In the United States in the 1930s, a financial collapse led to an economic collapse.
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Mr Karimov knows that he will stand or fall on his ability to stave off economic collapse .
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We moved ahead rapidly when the economic collapse of the Depression strained the capacities of families and communities to the breaking point.
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Unemployment and economic collapse have changed our views.
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Futures commissions are often created by communities that have experienced some form of trauma, such as economic collapse .
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Diehard optimists, like Mr Pynzenyk, say that hyperinflation and economic collapse will eventually force the country to its senses.
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The most extreme pessimists foretell a future of demographically driven privation, environmental overshoot, and economic collapse .
crisis
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The following day the government introduced emergency measures to tackle the economic crisis .
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The world faced an economic crisis that was potentially worse than the Great Depression of the 19305.
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However, many commentators placed responsibility for the current economic crisis firmly on the Karami government's own policies.
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Others fret that the system might not provide enough help in times of rural economic crisis .
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Mr Major has now flown home to deal with the economic crisis .
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Sharp inequalities between different classes and ethnic groups and between men and women are often exacerbated by debt and economic crisis .
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Key economic indicators which Gaidar cited in his speech illustrated the depth of the economic crisis .
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The economic crisis of 1976 and the advent of Mrs Thatcher's Conservative government in 1979 was to change all that.
decline
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In the context of the debate about the curriculum, economic decline and supposedly falling educational standards were important elements.
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Though not out of the range of historic experience, absolute economic decline is, of course, an extreme scenario.
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Trade An important policy issue concerns the effectiveness of import controls as an instrument for alleviating Britain's economic decline .
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The problems of cities-and particularly inner-city areas-were increasingly viewed as resulting from economic decline .
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It has presided over our economic decline for decades and even now is failing to reverse it.
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The same regions that once benefited from growth in these industries have, subsequently, suffered economic decline and depression.
depression
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And now it had been in a deep economic depression for years.
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Did unemployment, economic depression and the General Strike reduce trade unionism to a pitiful weakness?
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We feel there will be an economic depression .
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The country was in the grip of economic depression , and in June 1921 there were more than two million out of work.
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The disorder was aggravated by the economic depression of the 1930s.
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Churchill's move to the Board of Trade in 1908 coincided with the return of acute economic depression .
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Ironically a period of severe economic depression may be advantageous, in one sense at least.
development
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The government's commitment to the economic development of West Belfast was questioned.
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The government today is trying to combine preservation of indigenous cultures with economic development .
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The investigators on this project have worked together on a range of industrial and economic development projects in recent years.
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The city has also recently redirected its own economic development efforts to target impoverished groups and neighborhoods.
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This involved using existing data and also meetings with representatives from organisations involved in economic development in the valley.
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There is substantial room for growth within city limits and good reason to expect continued economic development .
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The pit's dilemma will be raised as an emergency item at this morning's meeting of Lothian's economic development committee.
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In essence, the rationale for local economic development links economic development to community well-being.
downturn
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Yesterday's trade figures showed clearly that export volumes were at record levels even in a worldwide economic downturn .
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And it is fertile soil for a severe economic downturn in the post-cold war world economy.
▪
The world's economic downturn has triggered a rash of defaults in commercial paper and long-term debt, particularly by unrated issuers.
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A few years hence, the nation experiences a severe economic downturn .
▪
Inpart, the fading lustre of famous names can be blamed on the economic downturn of the 1990s.
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When the Exposition closed Chicago was already in the grip of a serious economic downturn .
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He said first he had to deal with the provincial government's financial woes and an economic downturn .
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There is no loophole to grant budget flexibility in case of an economic downturn .
environment
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It looks at the economic environment , end-use market and industries, and competition.
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And strategic thinking about our future is imperative, because we are in an ultra-competitive economic environment .
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Employers were prepared to tolerate these rights and provisions in return for a profitable economic environment .
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All signs seem to point to a weak economic environment for a while.
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Forecasts of the economic environment have already been analysed in the previous chapter.
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Business risk is the risk imposed by the business and economic environment in which the firm operates.
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The international economic environment Most economists are agreed that the period 1948 to 1973 was one of increasing world prosperity.
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The greatest hindrance to recovery of this resource is the marginally favorable economic environment .
factor
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The lifetime of coins was indeed sometimes very short as a result of various political or economic factors .
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But if economic factors are included, our choices of future missions will be dramatically changed.
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The law should not be concerned with solely economic factors .
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For many reasons, but the focus here is on the economic factors involved in commitment to family.
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This will be affected not just by economic factors , but by demographic and social factors as well.
▪
But fundamental economic factors turned more favorable to productivity growth in the 1980s and especially in the 1990s.
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As well as demographic trends these include such social and economic factors as alternative opportunities for employment and the supply of places.
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Analysts generally agree that the fundamental economic factors that produce corporate profits remain strong.
growth
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Significant economic growth and social change has been brought about as a result of the offshore oil and gas industry.
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Creating new technologies to clean up the air could actually spur economic growth rather than burden it.
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On the other hand, 32 percent felt that economic growth should be given priority even if the environment suffered to some extent.
▪
But Clinton insists that new technologies will improve energy efficiency, enabling developing countries to continue economic growth without increasing emissions.
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Employment, the second, and trickiest, component, must depend on a return to sustained economic growth .
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The model is used to forecast economic growth and to estimate the potential effects of sudden shocks like a stock crash.
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A study of nine cities over 1965-83 found no significant relationship between economic growth and the arrival of new teams or stadiums.
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Figure 7-4 shows the combined real economic growth rate of these countries.
history
▪
He was reading a book on political and economic history .
▪
So this is how economic history restarts.
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There has never been a time in economic history when comparative advantage was less static.
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There are, of course, many links and parallels between economic history and the development of the government and social institutions.
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More social history is being taught but examination syllabuses still focus on political and economic history which conventionally excludes women.
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To understand the sources of the new ways of life, we must turn to economic history .
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The literature throws into sharp relief the essential dichotomy in the approach to this issue between economics and economic history .
impact
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So, armed with consultants' reports on the favorable economic impact , they offer to provide buildings or infrastructure.
▪
This week the 49ers released an economic impact report that was eight pages long.
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The uncertain nature of the economic impact of the Second World War is easily demonstrated.
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The pollution is already making a strong economic impact , both in the ponds and on the open water.
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Previous economic impact studies in tourism have used the 1979 and 1984 tables.
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That would have serious economic impact .
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Both as employees and as entrepreneurs, their position is better than it was and their economic impact bigger.
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Before critical habitat can be designated, an analysis of the resulting social and economic impacts must be made.
incentive
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The fact remains that any legal regime which lowers the economic incentive for drugs-crime will surely boost drug consumption.
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But Reimers, 62, said that universities have an economic incentive to stick to fundamental research.
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Perhaps this led to a greater emphasis on the other economic incentive .
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The measure seeks to take the economic incentive away from employing illegal immigrants.
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In terms of economic welfare, as in terms of economic incentives , the picture is again unclear.
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The people most likely to be affected by economic incentives are those who are the most economically vulnerable.
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The rational-economic individual is primarily motivated by economic incentives .
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He believed strongly in economic incentive .
issue
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Agreement was reached on a number of economic issues .
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Weld was scheduled to speak Wednesday night when convention organizers intend to stress economic issues .
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Observers say economic issues may get a more serious airing in Eastern states, which have been roiled by the shifting economy.
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The first is an attempt to rectify Realism's inability to deal with economic issues .
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A greater awareness of biological, social and economic issues in the context of formal education is required.
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But many of those arising over factory conditions and economic issues often included a political dimension.
life
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Definite and energetic steps must be taken in other directions to restore the balance of our national economic life ....
▪
We as a union knew that our primary job was to protect the worker and improve his economic life .
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Seventh, accountability and judgment are an integral part of economic life .
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Nothing is more completely accepted in the conventional wisdom than the cliche that economic life is endlessly and inherently uncertain.
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Depreciation is to be based on the shorter of the lease term and useful economic life .
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This would be possible were it merely a matter of invention or were the hazards of modern economic life increasing.
▪
Papyri are less informative about economic life in Alexandria.
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Poverty and insecurity thus became inherent in the economic life of even the most favored country.
miracle
▪
The truth is that, though a slimmer deficit is devoutly to be desired, it does not guarantee an economic miracle .
▪
Equally important was the West Berlin economic miracle .
▪
Suddenly, the economic miracle of the past decade began to be recognized for what it was.
▪
It could disappear into the whirring computers and multicolored flow charts of the economic miracle .
▪
The main Conservative claim to national support, therefore, namely that they had worked an economic miracle , seemed increasingly shallow.
▪
So unless you believe in unproven economic miracles , the alternative is busting the budget.
▪
She barely mentions the economic miracle .
▪
What is happening in the land of the economic miracle ?
performance
▪
This section highlights some of the principal types of variation between places that impinge on their economic performance and social problems.
▪
To do so takes successful decade after successful decade of good economic performance .
▪
Britain's poor economic performance has been the dominant theme of political debate and economic discourse since the 1950s.
▪
But weak economic performance , supporters said, is precisely why Kim has pushed so hard to revise the labor law.
▪
According to the state's traffic planning department, traffic calming had improved the economic performance of cities like Dusseldorf.
▪
Perceptions of Britain's economic performance and prospects were obviously influenced by objective economic factors and by government manipulation of economic statistics.
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Drucker has also argued that there is a further basic function of management in business: economic performance .
▪
Regulated, socialised economies trample on human dignity, despoil the natural environment and depress economic performance .
policy
▪
He made no direct reference to the disturbances in April against the government's economic policies .
▪
The domination of economic policy by the Federal Reserve and other central banks is new.
▪
The most striking absence of progress was in economic policy .
▪
Conservative economic policy ironically has created social conditions which have led to increased crime amongst the middle as well as working classes.
▪
For the first time, Mr Major has put a bit of distance between himself and economic policy .
▪
Co-ordination of economic policies is far away.
▪
Democratic regimes are constrained by the authoritarian and elitist state that ultimately controls the instruments of economic policy and coercion.
power
▪
As women increasingly spend some of their married lives in careers, it follows also that they have more economic power .
▪
To what extent this promotes economic power would be hard to estimate, but the two are certainly not unrelated.
▪
They sought legitimacy and a political outlet to match their enormous economic power .
▪
The standard has prestige simply because its speakers have political, social and economic power .
▪
To decentralise and geographically disperse political and economic power .
▪
Although he wielded enormous economic power , Park never became a rich man and was not personally corrupt.
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They are: first, the growth of giant industrial enterprises and the concentration of economic power in fewer of them.
▪
Table 28-I, on the other hand, indicates a number of very basic manufacturing industries wherein economic power is highly concentrated.
problem
▪
The Wilson government inherited serious economic problems in October 1964, but made matters worse by its own decisions.
▪
They expressed concerns that decreased military spending can become an economic problem in regions that depend on the armed forces for jobs.
▪
In face of these political and economic problems , the legislative record of the second administration was necessarily limited.
▪
He has no credible ideas or answers to the economic problems he outlines at such length.
▪
Although these reforms have been pursued, their implementation has been hampered by economic problems and the war.
▪
His initial research will focus on how best to solve economic problems in inner-city areas.
▪
The economic problems caused by unemployment led to the collapse of the second Labour government.
▪
In itself this elusiveness is testimony to just how enormously difficult it is to find practical solutions to Britain's economic problems .
progress
▪
The Association sought to show that the restrictions in the agreement were indeed indispensable to the promotion of technical or economic progress .
▪
He offered an all but certain formula for economic progress .
▪
This is our economic argument: a path to personal enrichment from the fruits of economic progress more widely shared.
▪
The overwhelming reasons cited were the economic progress and develop-ment under his regime, and its relative stability.
▪
The timing would depend on economic progress .
▪
These fears were, strongest at a time when great advances in social security were coinciding with great economic progress .
▪
Food is the basic necessity of life and without it economic progress is impossible.
▪
Dole meant to suggest that if elected he would bring real governmental reform and new national economic progress .
prosperity
▪
According to the economic libertarian's theory, there should have been an increase in economic prosperity .
▪
She also quickly realized that economic prosperity would more than make up for her political defeat.
▪
Conservatives understand the engine of economic prosperity .
▪
The crime wave that spurred them has been falling steadily in times of greater economic prosperity .
▪
Bush emphasized the linkage between economic prosperity and political freedom.
▪
The outcome could have widened the already-growing gap between rich and poor and profoundly affected our economic prosperity for decades.
▪
Many other economic factors might be viewed as contributing to the emergence of spatial disparities in economic prosperity .
▪
Forbes, speaking by telephone, promoted his flat tax plan as a catalyst for economic prosperity .
recession
▪
The economic recession of the late 1970s brought about a decline in the scheme similar to that in regional policy.
▪
An economic recession could throw it right off course.
▪
Confirmation of economic recession Figures issued at the end of November 1990 confirmed that the economy was in recession.
▪
In the 1980s, the economic recession has produced a trend towards takeovers and mergers in the international record industry.
▪
Amid economic recession , the purges continued through 1954.
▪
Take the fear of economic recession - will you or your partner lose your job?
▪
Such figures represent a huge leapfrogging of rates formerly charged and need justifying in an economic recession .
▪
Under the present conditions of economic recession , regional policies are fighting a losing battle.
recovery
▪
The lower inflation and freer market, it is claimed, has generated an economic recovery .
▪
As Malden Mills continues its economic recovery , the victims of the fire are also improving.
▪
If the rise in long-term interest rates threatens economic recovery , then so does the sharp rally in the yen.
▪
They came in the period of relative economic recovery between the two big crises of 1929 and 1938.
▪
He will initially help local authorities and other agencies plan for the economic recovery of Cumbria, the worst hit area.
▪
Mr McVeigh said the investment programme would enable the company to benefit from economic recovery in its most important markets.
▪
What is needed is a period of steady law-making on the back of the economic recovery now unfolding.
▪
Second, we have seen off the threat of a world trade war which would have destroyed any hope of economic recovery .
reform
▪
Intended to support economic reforms over a 10-month period, the credit would be issued in four tranches.
▪
The leadership woke up last year after scientists warned that potential economic losses from an epidemic would erase gains from economic reforms .
▪
He retired from architectural practice in 1906 and concentrated once again on his utopian schemes for social and economic reform .
▪
He has preached pragmatism towards Moscow and a cautious approach to economic reform .
▪
The outcome of the voting on June 13 was portrayed by observers as a victory for supporters of radical economic reform .
▪
But economic reform is passing power from central government to the provinces, and from repressive institutions to individual enterprises.
▪
The loan would further the current economic reform programme, initiated in 1985.
sanction
▪
But what enables a state to resist the effects of economic sanctions ?
▪
Finally, the courts have ruled that school boards can impose economic sanctions on teachers who go on strike.
▪
The United Nations is considering imposing new economic sanctions .
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Almost 10 years of bombing and economic sanctions have taken an enormous toll.
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Unfortunately, never in contemporary history have economic sanctions felled a regime, no matter how weak.
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They were criticised for a cavalier approach to company expenses and for contravening the government's economic sanctions against Rhodesia.
situation
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Alternative energy technologies will be successfully diffused only if realistic assumptions are made about the real economic situation in the Third World.
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Although independent, therefore, the country remains in a typically colonial economic situation , dangerously dependent on fluctuations in world markets.
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The first is the world economic situation , which hits him in two ways.
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Surely we each agree that fallow or underused land is of no help to the economic situation .
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Yet the economic situation will not by itself defeat the present regime.
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Experience has shown that the latter can not sustain liberal democracy in the context of their weak economic situations .
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In each country my talks centred on the serious economic situation and military issues including proliferation.
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Therefore individual work measurement becomes inappropriate and each worker's salary is determined primarily by the overall economic situation of the enterprise.
strategy
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The government denied that the changes had been precipitated by disagreements on economic strategy .
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Maynard Smith tried pitting different genetic strategies against each other in the same way that economists do with different economic strategies.
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Secondly, it will evaluate the impact of government economic strategies within each area.
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Dole aides have said the candidate may propose broader income tax cuts later this year as part of his long-range economic strategy .
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Activities included developing economic strategies and initiatives; providing business support services; improving the environment and removing barriers to economic development.
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An outline of the current national economic strategy is provided by the Minister of Industry and Commerce.
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Thus neither the causes nor consequences of this type of economic strategy can be said to be specifically local.
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Nevertheless, supply-side doctrine provided a theoretical underpinning for the main thrust of his economic strategy .
structure
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One powerful argument attributes this stagnation to the economic structure set in the early 1950s.
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These totals inevitably vary considerably from zone to zone, depending on its economic structure , location, and so on.
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As an economic structure , patronage had an effect on Leapor's poetry.
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Although Sri Lanka was a small island, there were marked differences in local economic structures even within the Sinhala-speaking areas.
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Even while the system remains capitalist it may at different phases be dominated by differently organized social and economic structures .
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For each country will have specific problems related to its own social, political and economic structure .
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This necessitated the abolition of the whole Bakufu- han system and the economic structure on which it rested.
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A home is established by the social, cultural and economic structures of the occupants of a house.
system
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If the monetary system topples the economic system will also come crashing down.
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Similarly, activities within the economic system can have a major impact on the political system.
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But in traditional capitalist socio-economic systems , companies may employ automation without regard to the cost to the whole population.
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Capitalism is an economic system based on the free accumulation of capital or wealth.
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An economic system justifies itself by pointing to the wealth it produces, and an educational establishment to skills and knowledge.
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It is they who in the future will be driving the economic system .
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In an economic system coordinated solely by markets there is no guarantee that what is produced can be sold.
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Chapter 9 analyzes the alternative frameworks through which the political system and the economic system are linked.
theory
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Some relate to queries concerning economic theory , others to the nature of the actors involved in political processes.
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It all sounds like economic theories , you know.
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The theory of free movement Traditional economic theory suggests that there are benefits to be reaped from creating free movement.
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Therefore, he devoted more of his time to philosophy and to educating Mexander the Great than he did to economic theory .
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The ultimate determinants of real investment, whether by foreign or domestic firms, remain a contentious issue in economic theory .
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The scientistic rationale was particularly influential in the creation of modern economic theory .
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Secondly, the competition of economic theory is cast solely in terms of price competition and narrowly defined profit maximisation.
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Standard economic theory would dismiss the effort as naive and counterproductive.
tie
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This, together with closer economic ties with the West, added to the Empire's leverage in international affairs.
trend
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What other relationships might exist between demographic and economic trends ?
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Major is struggling to get the voters to focus on positive economic trends .
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In fact the Longbridge saga was more about global economic trends than currencies.
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Michael Ghiselin developed this idea further in 1974 and made some telling analogies with economic trends .
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Already a £4.1 billion industry, quick-service restaurants continue to expand as quickly as ever, despite the economic trend .
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However, economic trends and social security changes appear to have undermined these strategies.
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Despite some encouraging economic trends there is as yet no confirmed upturn in activity, and any recovery will be fragile.
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Plynus's desire for advancement is seen against economic trends which entice people from their duties.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
political/economic suicide
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Hence Mr Yeltsin's dilemma: to persuade the deputies to commit political suicide without acting unconstitutionally.
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It built the Central Valley Project to rescue the growers from economic suicide by groundwater overdraft.
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Sensing his authority had ebbed, Fujimori grimly took the only exit left: political suicide , a move that stunned everyone.
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The government believes it would be political suicide to allow pension contributions to rise above 30 percent.
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To have taken on the world in that state would have been political suicide .
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
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a wide variety of economic development strategies
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Cuba is emerging from five years of economic crisis.
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Florida will benefit from a number of economic trends that play to its strengths.
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In this kind of economic climate, employees prefer a lower salary in a job that is secure.
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Investors are holding out from Mexican stocks until they see clear signs of an economic recovery.
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Investors took their money elsewhere, prompting a far-reaching economic crisis.
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Slow economic growth and low consumer spending affected sales last year.
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The spies' motives were not political but economic .
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The tax breaks will stimulate economic activity.
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The US has maintained tough economic sanctions on Cuba.
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World leaders gathered in the Miyako Hotel to map out the agenda for next month's economic summit.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
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Economic theory Until comparatively recently, bargaining was a subject on which economic theory had very little to say.
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By these measures, the economic gap between the wealthier countries and the poorer countries is usually diminished.
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Each region has integrated needs-for public transit, for water and sewer systems, for solid waste treatment, for economic development.
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In his acceptance speech, he said that the Government's economic policy was damaging business in the north-east.
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The economic downturn that began in 1929 was enough on its own to cause an initial increase in failures.
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The key issue for corporate profits in the new year will be economic growth.
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The rule also sets a stiff economic hurdle for smaller competitors.
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When approached by the scientists, he persuaded them to include an economic angle to the project.