adjective
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a direct/indirect cause
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Government policies are the direct cause of the problems facing the economy.
a direct/indirect influence
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The Cubist painters had a direct influence on his work.
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The federal government has an indirect influence on investment through its control of bank credits.
an indirect result
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Some job losses were the indirect result of cheap imports.
an indirect tax (= a tax on things you buy )
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The effect of indirect taxes is to raise the prices of goods.
indirect cost
indirect discourse
indirect object
indirect speech
indirect tax
indirect taxation (= tax on things you buy )
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADVERB
more
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Only a little more indirect is the effect of the same cuckoo genes on the behaviour of the besotted host.
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Subsequent interviews with key executives become more indirect but still useful.
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The rationale for judicial intervention on the Y level is more indirect .
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A more indirect and subtle consequence for reliability may be the effect of liberalization on the technological configuration of the system.
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Sometimes this is clearly reflected in the work of art produced, sometimes the connection is more indirect .
■ NOUN
channel
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An indirect channel utilises intermediaries or middlemen, such as wholesalers. 25.
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Fifty percent of Sun's business comes from indirect channels and this will remain so in future, said Thompson.
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It sells entirely through indirect channels .
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CLARiiON will not use Data General's own sales force to market the products, only indirect channels .
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Channel C represents one of the shorter indirect channels, where the retailer is omitted.
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Channel D is another version of a shorter, indirect channel.
control
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Nevertheless, it is probable that ownership does contain within it the potential for direct and indirect control .
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Until recently, most governments have exercised either direct or indirect control over national telecommunications as well as international links.
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A system of indirect control and accountability is thereby established over the directors as those responsible for the management of the company.
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These all illustrate the general problem of indirect control .
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Alternatively, where relevant, any of the indirect controls mentioned in Chapter 5 may be relied upon.
costs
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These included indirect costs such as losses incurred by the state export credit guarantee agency Coface.
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I.. Estimate your expenditures for the first year of your business on a monthly basis: a. Total your indirect costs .
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Give examples of expenditure that would be classified, in a manufacturing organization, as direct cost and indirect costs .
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The annual tab for direct medical liability costs is about $ 7 billion, but indirect costs are much greater.
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The costing of indirect costs or overheads is discussed in detail in Chapter 11.
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In addition, there are indirect costs that must be considered.
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There is a range of hidden or indirect costs .
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There may of course also be hidden or indirect costs involved in training.
discrimination
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It did not outlaw indirect discrimination and indeed the concept of indirect discrimination did not appear in the legislation.
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The second type of discrimination , indirect discrimination, is to deal with the more hidden forms of bias.
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They are what is meant by indirect discrimination .
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While schools and housing were required to tackle indirect discrimination , Whitehall was looking after its own.
effect
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Direct and indirect effects Multiple causality means that two or more causes tend to work together to produce an effect.
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Its actions on various organs are the result of a combination of both direct and indirect effects .
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In contrast to the redistributive capital tax considered in Section 8-3, the indirect effects reinforce the transfer.
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Just as Bill Kestell noted earlier concerning tracks, the indirect effect of booby traps on infantry movement was serious.
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But the indirect effects may be more profound.
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It may carry out its views of public policy whatever indirect effect they may have upon the activities of the states.
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Though we found no direct effects on pay, holding other things equal, we found indirect effects of motherhood on pay.
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Later we will argue that some indirect effects occur due to cross-level interactions with chaotic population dynamics.
election
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This would act as a public forum to discuss and recommend improvements to the controversial Tinkhundla system of indirect elections .
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A further 30 seats were reserved for women, to be filled by indirect election by the Jatiya Sangsad.
employment
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Table 3.3 shows this indirect employment creation classified by the product category of the initial input.
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The direct and indirect employment incomes generated will be used to purchase goods and services.
evidence
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Nevertheless, the Lord Chancellor's Advisory Committee was convinced by the indirect evidence that there was such a drift.
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Moreover, language change offers important indirect evidence about the nature of human language namely, that it is rule-governed.
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Decisions about its value are therefore based on indirect evidence .
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The added price of inconvenience is hard to measure and must be inferred from indirect evidence .
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They do not in themselves betoken infection, although they can be taken as indirect evidence of infection in many cases.
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They were designed principally to search for direct and indirect evidence of life on the Martian surface.
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The findings presented here can provide only indirect evidence about any possible adverse effect of cimetidine on motor neurone disease.
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The first indirect evidence for a falling population is the movement of wage rates.
government
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Because such consequences are hard to predict, some Republicans argue that indirect government is worse than direct meddling.
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The university research covers fundamental and applied research in various disciplines and is heavily dependent on direct and indirect government funding.
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Taken together these are a significant help and in effect constitute an indirect government subsidy.
immunofluorescence
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Only 14 out of 105 Crohn's disease patients showed perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody reactivity by indirect immunofluorescence assay.
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In contrast, sera from all patients suffering from primary sclerosing cholangitis show a bright 3+ staining in the indirect immunofluorescence assay.
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Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody was measured in 31 patients by indirect immunofluorescence .
influence
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In other countries considerable indirect influence is apparent, particularly in teacher education programmes.
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To understand it, it is necessary to make a distinction be-tween the direct and indirect influence religion has on reproductive behavior.
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But it was perhaps their indirect influence which, ultimately, was more significant.
means
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All these provide indirect means of converting solar energy to forms of energy which are useful to us.
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But other details, some of the most interesting, can not be confirmed by such indirect means .
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The feistier sort of Republican is as hostile to big government by indirect means as to the direct variety.
method
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Altering banks' liquidity or the rate of interest are indirect methods of controlling spending.
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Hubble was forced, therefore, to use indirect methods to measure the distances.
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However, in practice so far most organisations have selected the indirect method .
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Different types of organisation for international selling were considered, including agents, distributors, licensing and export houses under indirect methods .
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The analysis of trends over time offers another indirect method of considering age and cohort related effects upon health.
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Dissatisfaction with this highly indirect method of attempting to secure a modus must have been considerable.
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We must therefore resort to more indirect methods , such as the variation with time of copper-alloy composition or technology of production.
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The Matiba faction demanded a direct secret ballot of all party members while Odinga insisted on an indirect method .
object
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We have the subject - she, the object - the hammer, and the indirect object - the nail.
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The nail is an indirect object because it is related to the verb through the preposition - on.
result
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It was believed that the accident happened as an indirect result of heavy rain and snow storms in the city.
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Their plight is an indirect result of the closure programme.
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Some young people have died as a direct or indirect result of sniffing glue or other solvents.
tax
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The main reason for the change is the rise in indirect taxes such as valued added tax which affect the poor disproportionately.
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For these reasons, indirect taxes are usually regarded as a more flexible instrument of macroeconomic policy.
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However, others suggest that consumers are well aware of the impact of indirect taxes on the price level.
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Although indirect taxes as a whole are regressive, there is some variation between different types of indirect tax.
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In other words, the income and substitution effects we considered above apply to higher indirect taxes as well as to higher direct taxes.
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Direct and indirect taxes: is it better to tax incomes or goods?
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Their optimistic figure conveniently overlooked, for example, indirect taxes , such as those on petrol and drink.
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Indirect taxes are, as a group, regressive, though this is not the case for all indirect taxes.
taxation
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For example, the Long-term programme of Economic Stabilization recommended that there should be a shift away from indirect taxation towards direct taxation.
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For individuals, the costs of maintaining a safe environment are, however, by no means all in the category of indirect taxation .
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Sales taxes are another form of indirect taxation popular in the South.
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As for indirect taxation , estimated Engel curves relate the expenditure of groups of households on taxed goods to total expenditure.
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The recent shift towards indirect taxation would have lowered even further the position of this country in the comparative scene.
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The government's budget was strengthened by increased customs revenue and more particularly by a spectacular rise in indirect taxation .
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Comprehensive statutes deal with the direct and indirect taxation of individuals and companies.
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Radical cuts to income tax plus large increases in national insurance and indirect taxation have made the tax system far more regressive.
way
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There are two indirect ways of validating these estimates.
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The question of who should receive higher education was an indirect way of asking what higher education was for.
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But Derrida's subtle analyses show that logocentrism tends to manifest itself in extremely indirect ways .
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Implication is an indirect way of conveying one's own meaning; inference is a process of discovering a fact outside oneself.
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Some of them have been used as an indirect way of seeing the file by parents denied access for themselves.
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In one indirect way , however, the new rate-of-return rules will affect the soon-to-be-privatised water and electricity industries.
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The procedure can thus be viewed as being an indirect way of assessing the effects of habituation training.
ways
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There are two indirect ways of validating these estimates.
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But Derrida's subtle analyses show that logocentrism tends to manifest itself in extremely indirect ways .
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
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indirect lighting
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George's comments were an indirect way of blaming me for the situation.
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Since he left his wife Rick has only had indirect contact with his children.
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The cab driver obviously took the indirect route to the hotel.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
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An equivalent definition of indirect race discrimination occurs in the Race Relations Act 1976.
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Artificial light suits it very well, but in indirect sunlight it sometimes becomes pale.
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Avoid negative words that leave writing vague and indirect .
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Her language is not indirect at all.
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Includes both open-market and private transactions involving direct and indirect holdings.
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Measures are developed for indirect areas.
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Sales taxes are another form of indirect taxation popular in the South.
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This result is the first, albeit indirect , observation of gravitational radiation.