POLLUTION


Meaning of POLLUTION in English

noun

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES

air pollution

Most air pollution is caused by cars.

environmental pollution

Power stations cause a lot of environmental pollution.

light pollution

noise pollution (= noise from cars, planes etc which has a bad effect on people’s lives )

The new airport will increase noise pollution in the surrounding area.

noise pollution

noise/pollution levels

Noise levels are unacceptably high.

pollution of the environment

The waste material must be stored safely to avoid pollution of the environment.

COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS

■ ADJECTIVE

atmospheric

Heavy industry was developed along the north coast, without any consideration of chemical, atmospheric and environmental pollution .

Other wells continued to burn, causing atmospheric pollution on an epic scale.

Cities which were once beautiful have been rendered ugly. Atmospheric pollution continues to rise.

Nylon was chosen for its strength and its resistance to extremes of temperature and atmospheric pollution .

The polytechnic has employed research student Jo Denn to see whether a link can be established between childhood asthma and atmospheric pollution .

Taken together, they represent the most forceful link yet made by respected institutions between man-made atmospheric pollution and global warming.

It is part of a research programme aimed at understanding the basic processes causing damage to trees and crops due to atmospheric pollution .

chemical

However, there is abundant anecdotal evidence of the effects of chemical pollution on the populations of small cetaceans inhabiting industrialised areas.

For humans, the chemical pollution threatens our fertility, intelligence and our very survival as a species, the environmentalists say.

At small levels of chemical output, pollution is negligible.

Because of chemical pollution of rivers, the cost of producing safe, palatable drinking water has risen dramatically.

environmental

The most important areas were agriculture, energy, environmental pollution , competition regulations, and foreign trade.

The most obvious examples of spillover costs involve environmental pollution .

Low level environmental pollution was detected - ie sulphates and nitrates.

The project has enabled farmers to reduce environmental pollution whilst raising crop yields.

Heavy industry was developed along the north coast, without any consideration of chemical, atmospheric and environmental pollution .

Nor do they contribute to environmental pollution by burning fossil fuels.

They also include the control of environmental pollution , and we could benefit greatly through co-operating further on defence and foreign policy.

Yet as with many agreements on environmental pollution , voluntary abstention is unsuccessful.

industrial

The remainder were largely due to sewage, industrial pollution or oil spillages.

In Tokyo and other industrial centers pollution levels are dangerously high.

A spokesman for Greenpeace said that industrial pollution appeared to be the most likely cause.

In 100 large industrial cities, pollution levels averaged over 10 times the acceptable limit.

The town where this happened, Minamata, became the name of a disease and a worldwide symbol of industrial pollution .

The general public are also in danger from industrial pollution .

It's not just industrial pollution and radiation from Chernobyl, 50 miles upstream.

integrated

The central part of the bill is the creation of integrated pollution control.

Central to the green bill is the introduction of integrated pollution control.

The act also introduces the idea of integrated pollution control.

marine

In a report on marine pollution , the organization states that 12,000 pipes have been licensed to discharge industrial effluent.

We are all familiar with news items concerning marine pollution due to oil spills.

It produced a 13-point action plan to reduce the risk of marine pollution .

The main topics were environmental management and marine pollution .

Researchers who want to register innovations in fighting marine pollution are directed by the environment ministry to Cedre.

Acid rain and marine pollution hurt neighbouring countries; ozone depletion and global warming threaten the entire planet.

■ NOUN

air

Traffic fumes are the biggest cause of air pollution in nearly half the cities.

Consider one example from the annals of air pollution: the effort to reduce the effects of car exhaust on the atmosphere.

It was the start of Britain's acid rain debate and the birth of its' modern air pollution policy.

Copies were distributed far beyond West Virginia to scientists and officials concerned with the effect of air pollution on Eastern forests.

But, within 15 years, air pollution was as bad as ever.

Of all the problems, air pollution received the most attention.

There are nineteen more employed on running campaigns ranging from tropical rainforests to air pollution and London's roads.

Cars and industry in El Paso contribute to the air pollution , of course.

control

In the northern agency, about half a dozen districts comprise a pollution control area.

Yet diesel gets off easily when it comes to pollution controls .

For them pollution control work is a scientific endeavour.

The lack of money spent on pollution control .

Examples include street lighting and pollution control .

He will also regularly look over pollution control installations in his district to ensure their satisfactory operation and maintenance.

Taxes can be imposed either to raise funds for pollution control or to discourage over-use of nitrates, or both.

incident

Between 1979 and 1990, the number of reported pollution incidents from farm waste more than doubled.

This accounts for 90 percent of reported pollution incidents .

The figures show that the number of pollution incidents rose for the fifth successive year and have doubled since 1985.

Although major disasters such as large oil pollution incidents and deaths from pesticides are few, both cause continuing problems.

Of the 2802 pollution incidents from the industrial sources only four percent were classified as major.

The first two chapters discuss a number of pollution incidents and the biological cycles of carbon nitrogen and sulphur.

There are battles being fought all over Ireland about pollution incidents and industrial hazards.

level

Given that pollution levels relate to fuel consumption, private cars and taxis are also the greatest polluters.

One study conducted in 1980 examined seven economic-demographic models constructed to project the future of food and resource supplies and pollution levels .

Eliminating the occurrence of first-stage smog alerts requires long-term reductions in the baseline pollution levels .

In Tokyo and other industrial centers pollution levels are dangerously high.

Water pollution levels are also alarmingly high.

When pollution levels rise beyond the 250 mark, the ban is extended for two days.

Worries about pollution levels from intensive indoor units and growing concern about animal welfare are also motivating factors.

Teachers can now base assessed investigations on data collected by real scientists, such as pollution levels , available on the internet.

nitrate

The Ecological Impact of Nitrates Two rivers illustrate the impact of nitrate pollution .

noise

Our survey revealed a noise pollution impact on the community that is not imagined.

Or the ear which shouts, about noise pollution .

All great fun for the flyer but not for those inclined to complain about noise pollution .

oil

Despite the Gulfs long history of oil pollution , little research has been done on the long-term impact on marine life there.

In addition each aircraft will be capable of carrying an oil pollution detection system.

It found evidence of extensive oil pollution of lakes, rivers and groundwater and of the destruction of virgin swamp and forest.

Although major disasters such as large oil pollution incidents and deaths from pesticides are few, both cause continuing problems.

prevention

In this day and age almost all of the most positive and far-reaching developments in pollution prevention originate in industry.

problem

Once you have cured the water pollution problem , you will have to take steps to avoid it happening again.

Waste tends to be the pollution problem to which other problems are eventually reduced.

It is not unusual to find that countries adopt the best parts of both strategies in order to tackle air pollution problems .

It was a good example of how employees can contribute to solving pollution problems .

An initial appraisal of pollution problems should point out not only all the work required to prevent a pollution incident.

river

Read in studio A new method of catching fish is being used to test for river pollution .

In February 1875 Edward Frankland, an eminent chemist, gave a Discourse on river pollution .

Thousands of fish died from river pollution .

standard

But most policy takes a different approach, the imposition of pollution standards that regulate the maximum amount of allowed pollution.

Unlike cars, trucks, buses and most other vehicles, locomotives have never before faced pollution standards .

The water authorities thus not only set and enforce pollution standards , they are major polluters themselves.

Crawford is one of the founders of the International Dark-Sky Association, which lobbies governments to adopt pollution standards .

water

In water pollution , however, the evidence is mobile and there may be no complainants with a stake in reporting it.

Policies such as effluent charges for sources of air and water pollution are One possibility.

Local residents could band together and pay a local firm to reduce air or water pollution .

Once you have cured the water pollution problem, you will have to take steps to avoid it happening again.

It proposes tough penalties for industries which cause water pollution to help reverse the decline.

Legislation has typically attacked air and water pollution first, and solid waste last.

Sewage was the major cause of water pollution .

Right: Overfeeding quickly leads to water pollution .

■ VERB

cause

It claims bikes cause too much pollution and can upset pedestrians.

Attempts to change the land-based activities that cause coastal pollution would have far-reaching economic, political and social consequences.

Other wells continued to burn, causing atmospheric pollution on an epic scale.

He's certain it's caused by sewage pollution .

There have been accidents during transportation, which have caused serious pollution .

Effluent from industrial activities in countries bordering the sea is also causing various pollution hazards.

Some scientists believe that it is caused by water pollution .

They also say heavy vehicles are arriving from 5.30am, causing fumes, pollution and noise.

contribute

Nor do they contribute to environmental pollution by burning fossil fuels.

Cars and industry in El Paso contribute to the air pollution , of course.

It was a good example of how employees can contribute to solving pollution problems.

They also use more fuel, therefore contributing more pollution , and use more of an increasingly scarce resource than diesels.

Consequently, industrial stacks above about 150 metres or even 100 metres may contribute little pollution to smog locally.

The report found that 95 percent of respondents were aware that cars contributed to environmental pollution .

Litter disfigures the countryside and contributes to pollution , but this is just the tip of the environmental iceberg.

cut

If, however, other countries take similar measures to cut pollution , the situation obviously improves.

A federal law spells out the penalties for missing the deadline to cut air pollution .

Liberal Democrats aim to cut pollution and clean up the local environment.

He said the buses would cut air pollution and reduce sheep deaths from accidents with cars.

This will help to cut pollution and save energy and give a valuable boost to the housing market.

This would not only provide incentives to cut pollution but also act as a channel for transferring resources to developing countries.

fight

Everybody talking bout de Green revolution Protecting de children an fighting pollution .

The local authority have agreed to implement a series of new measures to fight the pollution .

Researchers who want to register innovations in fighting marine pollution are directed by the environment ministry to Cedre.

include

Other concerns include the threat of pollution , noise disturbance, danger from heavy lorries and the loss of environmental amenities.

Those include reducing air pollution by two pounds every time some source adds one pound.

These mechanisms include pollution taxes and tradeable pollution permits.

Examples include street lighting and pollution control.

increase

This will increase rather than decrease pollution .

The group contends the helicopters will increase noise and pollution , while being a safety risk.

Lakes and reservoirs may have to be shut during the summer as increasing pollution causes toxic algae blooms.

Even official sources now accept that tall stacks tend to increase long-range transport of pollution .

This number is increasing , due to fertiliser pollution . 4.

monitor

First, it would be necessary to monitor the quantity of pollution of each firm in order to assess its tax liability.

Though uniform standards will not be enforced, the agreement calls for joint monitoring of pollution .

At Harwell laboratories, they've been monitoring air pollution and found the levels went up during the recent hot spell.

Equipment to monitor pollution and climate change will be installed in the park.

It's been told to improve the works by the National Rivers Authority which monitors pollution .

prevent

However, conditions may be attached to any site licence which may have the effect of preventing any odour pollution from arising.

This continues, but at least now efforts are also being made to prevent further pollution and even repair some of the damage.

Care will be required to prevent pollution of the burn.

By destroying these wastes Rechem is significantly helping to prevent further pollution of the local and world environment.

An initial appraisal of pollution problems should point out not only all the work required to prevent a pollution incident.

reduce

The remaining gases pass through a catalytic converter to further reduce pollution .

The change reflects the continuing failure by state and local governments to reduce pollution enough to meet federal health standards.

The project has enabled farmers to reduce environmental pollution whilst raising crop yields.

Since 1975, the global conglomerate 3M has saved $ 500 million while reducing pollution 50 percent per unit of production.

Local residents could band together and pay a local firm to reduce air or water pollution .

There also is the obvious environmental benefits to biking, since it reduces air pollution and reduces traffic.

This studied the economics of reducing groundwater pollution in ten catchments overlying chalk, sand or limestone aquifers.

Their innovative system, which reduced pollution output to zero, also paid for itself in two years.

suffer

Experts think a major reason why those with asthma and hay fever are suffering more is car pollution .

Amsterdam has substantial parking problems and suffers chronic congestion and pollution .

The region as a whole suffers from significant air pollution from ageing heavy industrial plants.

tackle

It is not unusual to find that countries adopt the best parts of both strategies in order to tackle air pollution problems.

The notice requires the region to tackle pollution in North Queensferry.

Given the enormous and costly pollution control efforts to tackle ozone pollution to date, these variable ten-year trends are very disappointing.

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

Pollution and overfishing have reduced the population of coastal fish.

Pollution from cars is the main cause of global warming.

Pollution levels are often dangerously high in large cities.

Pollution levels in the area shot up as soon as the factory started operating.

Industrial pollution has killed much of the river's wildlife.

She says that transporting goods by rail instead of road would cut air pollution dramatically.

The city is looking into ways to reduce air pollution .

The convention, signed by the six states bordering the Black Sea, aims to reduce current pollution levels.

The use of electric cars could be a key factor in fighting pollution .

What pollution controls will the state authorities put in place?

EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS

A federal law spells out the penalties for missing the deadline to cut air pollution .

And there too I will cleanse the men from their pollution .

But Doran's invention is safe as well as economical and pollution free.

Not only do they consume more natural resources, they also produce more pollution .

The law speaks of causing or knowingly permitting pollution , and the concept of cause has been strictly construed.

The most obvious examples of spillover costs involve environmental pollution .

The report recommends a number of steps designed to limit pollution .

Thousands of fish died from river pollution .

Longman DOCE5 Extras English vocabulary.      Дополнительный английский словарь Longman DOCE5.