noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
alcohol/lead/radiation etc poisoning (= caused by a particular substance )
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a case of alcohol poisoning
radiation sickness
ultraviolet radiation/rays
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ultraviolet radiation from the sun
UV light/radiation/rays etc
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the sun's harmful UV rays
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
cosmic
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One or two meters of rock will block cosmic radiation .
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Another very important factor is long-term exposure to solar and cosmic particulate radiation .
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The doctors suspected that his ability to absorb ascorbic acid had been impaired by long exposure to cosmic radiation .
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Individual particles in cosmic radiation have extremely high energy, which implies that they are potentially damaging.
electromagnetic
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The station, like any other object in orbit, lost energy through radiating it into space as infra-red electromagnetic radiation .
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Imagine an object at some definite temperature, electromagnetic radiation being in equilibrium with particles.
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A revealing difference between gravitational and electromagnetic radiation is that dipole radiation is absent in the gravitational case.
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We are all familiar with the behavior of polarized electromagnetic radiation from Polaroid sunglasses.
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In effect, they convert the energy of the electromagnetic radiation into chemical energy.
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Electrons, being charged particles, interact readily with electromagnetic radiation .
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Light is the form of electromagnetic radiation which our eyes are able to see.
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Other forms of electromagnetic radiation include radio, microwaves and X-rays.
external
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Nevertheless, the hazardous exposure is unlikely to be monitored external penetrating ionising radiation .
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The authors indicate therefore that excesses of prostatic cancer in industrial workforces are unlikely to be due to external radiation .
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The recorded doses of external radiation received by the seven fathers were low.
harmful
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VDUs are suspected by some of causing eye strain, postural problems and even of spreading harmful radiation across the room.
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Substantially smaller amounts of shielding will undoubtedly admit much larger fluxes of harmful radiation .
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They screen us from 99% of the sun's harmful ultra-violet radiation - the sort which causes skin cancer.
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Large areas, including the United States, continue to get increasingly harmful ultraviolet radiation .
high
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To excite an electron out of its bond requires high frequency radiation , falling in the ultra-violet part of the spectrum.
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The former, implemented on dense chips, would have a high radiation immunity and would be suitable for use in space.
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There is also an increased risk of cancer and high sensitivity to radiation means that radiotherapy can't be used.
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The quick, new, high-dose radiation Brachytherapy for cancer patients is also performed at the hospital.
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Undoubtedly they were places with magnetic stones and high natural radiation - things much rarer than in our modem technological society.
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Fourteen other workers involved in the subsequent clean-up operation also received extremely high radiation doses.
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If workers had been in the vicinity, they would have received high doses of radiation .
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However, high doses of radiation that damage cells usually produce effects that can be related specifically to the radiation exposure.
infrared
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The launcher for the medium-range version will incorporate a projector that produces a beam of infrared radiation .
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Dark areas absorb more, are hotter, and give off more infrared radiation .
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Shining infrared radiation on the crystal is one.
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Diamond absorbs infrared radiation by a slightly more complex process.
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We must lift detectors above the atmosphere to study gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet and long infrared radiations .
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Consequently in a static diamond there are no charged atoms to interact with the electric field of infrared radiation .
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About 7% of the visible radiation and 30-40% of the infrared radiation is reflected from leaves.
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All matter at temperatures above that of absolute zero emits infrared radiation .
ionising
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Main outcome measures - Parents' employment by the nuclear industry and exposure to ionising radiation at work.
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Persinger has suggested that these reports might be hallucinations instilled into the witnesses by the effect of ionising radiation in close proximity.
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Nevertheless, the hazardous exposure is unlikely to be monitored external penetrating ionising radiation .
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The questionnaire administered to parents included specific questions about work at nuclear establishments and monitoring for exposure to ionising radiation .
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This had only been possible before using invasive manometric techniques or ionising radiation .
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Apart from the apparent relation with fathers' preconceptual exposure to ionising radiation , we found no other notable associations.
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In recent years, radon has been recognised as the main source of human exposure to ionising radiation .
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The malignancies in children whose fathers were monitored for exposure to ionising radiation were not unusual.
low
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On a practical point I noticed that the colours weren't as bright on the low radiation monitors that I used.
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The person often describes previous episodes of low back pain with or without lower extremity radiation .
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Electrical equipment is a source of low radiation and it also releases chemicals when warm.
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Cancer, genetic defects and accelerated ageing can be caused by exposure to low level radiation .
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Reports measuring the effect of lower radiation dosages conflict with these scare stories, sometimes drastically.
natural
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This is the technique which detects stored energy in the crystal lattice of minerals, caused by natural radiation .
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In brief, the amount can be compared with the rate of natural radiation and so establish the date of a specimen.
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Undoubtedly they were places with magnetic stones and high natural radiation - things much rarer than in our modem technological society.
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If there is no safe dose cancer rates should increase as the natural background radiation level increases.
nuclear
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The application of nuclear and radiation physics sees a steady increase in the number of titles.
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There has never been any question of nuclear radiation seeping out.
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It isn't nuclear radiation but electro magnetic and magnetic fields that are causing the worry.
solar
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But because ultraviolet radiation is a constant feature of solar radiation, the ozone layer is maintained.
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Yet the solar radiation from the sun, then a faint, young star, was approximately 30 percent less.
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The ionization is produced by solar uv radiation and by energetic ions and electrons from the magnetosphere.
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They grow long tails as material streams away from their rocky cores driven by solar radiation .
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Water can be lost through dissociation by solar uv radiation and the subsequent loss of hydrogen to space from the exosphere.
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If ozone deterioration persisted, they warned, solar ultraviolet radiation would flood Earth.
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Capital cost is nearly £7 for every watt of electrical energy to be produced by solar radiation .
ultraviolet
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But because ultraviolet radiation is a constant feature of solar radiation, the ozone layer is maintained.
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If ozone deterioration persisted, they warned, solar ultraviolet radiation would flood Earth.
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The satellite, called Astron, is intended to study ultraviolet radiation and X-rays from celestial objects.
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Large areas, including the United States, continue to get increasingly harmful ultraviolet radiation .
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However, ultraviolet radiation must also have aided evolution.
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The thermal tide may also be responsible for dim ultraviolet radiation observed to come from the middle of the night hemisphere.
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The economic consequences for food crops and other plants of the resulting increase in ultraviolet radiation have received less attention.
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So ultraviolet radiation from the Sun would have been felt more powerfully then, than now.
uv
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The ionization is produced by solar uv radiation and by energetic ions and electrons from the magnetosphere.
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Water can be lost through dissociation by solar uv radiation and the subsequent loss of hydrogen to space from the exosphere.
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Visible light has a longer wavelength than UV radiation .
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The dark markings correspond to regions in the clouds which scatter less solar uv radiation than elsewhere.
■ NOUN
background
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This leaves the problem of how to explain the microwave background radiation .
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The 20 tonnes of lead in the batteries has been found to have an immeasurably low level of background radiation .
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Their cumulative effect would give rise to the microwave background radiation .
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The decision follows concern over levels of background radiation in the city's streets.
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Levels of background radiation are frequently published in the Moscow press, and a number of environmental consultancies run radiation monitoring services.
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Regular checks by it's own monitoring team show only normal background radiation levels.
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He says it was only one twentieth of background radiation in Oxfordshire.
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In particular, why is the temperature of the microwave background radiation so nearly the same when we look in different directions?
dose
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The age of an archaeological specimen can therefore be determined by dividing the total radiation dose by the annual radiation dose.
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The maximum and minimum radiation dose to the rectum was calculated in the plane of the planning slice for each patient.
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Thorough revision of laboratory routines could substantially reduce radiation doses received.
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However, particularly for the gamma-ray contribution, more direct measurement of the radiation dose is usually employed.
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When minerals such as quartz and feldspars have received a radiation dose and are then heated, they emit light.
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This luminescence is measured and is directly proportional to the number of trapped electrons, and thus to the total radiation dose .
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The radiation dose around Sellafield in Britain is about three times lower than in Cornwall.
exposure
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Were the limits set on their radiation exposure acceptable?
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Added radiation exposure poses little danger, he wrote.
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Harwell keeps detailed information on radiation exposure .
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The survey also came up with 10 reported cases of cataracts, which can also be caused by radiation exposure .
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However, high doses of radiation that damage cells usually produce effects that can be related specifically to the radiation exposure .
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He said credit was due to the contribution of workers on the joint committees which look at ways of reducing radiation exposure .
gamma
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The conventional treatment for large tumours, deep within the body, is to bombard them with powerful doses of gamma radiation .
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Local doses are often underestimated and plexiglass shielding converts some energy into penetrating gamma radiation .
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They used two spectrometers to analyse gamma radiation given off by the blanket.
hazard
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People throughout the world suddenly became much better informed about radiation hazards .
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The radioactivity to which they were exposed was so powerful that the dead men's bodies were themselves a radiation hazard .
level
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Regular checks by it's own monitoring team show only normal background radiation levels .
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If there is no safe dose cancer rates should increase as the natural background radiation level increases.
sickness
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Another 237 people were treated for radiation sickness , some of whom needed bone-marrow transplants to restore their white blood-cell count.
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For some, the visit is a welcome break from medical treatment they're receiving for radiation sickness .
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Many were orphaned by the disaster, others still suffer radiation sickness .
synchrotron
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This is the point at which synchrotron radiation comes to the rescue.
therapy
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Souquet etal also emphasised the difficulty in interpreting parietal thickening in patients evaluated after radiation therapy .
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The network focuses on a single application: networking powerful computers to help doctors plan radiation therapy for cancer treatment.
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Supervised clinical training is provided in cytotoxic drug treatment and radiation therapy .
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They also get radiation therapy five days a week throughout that time and for an additional three weeks.
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Patient 4 who had been operated on before referral received additional radiation therapy .
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The radiation therapy theoretically may have helped.
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In two randomised prospective studies, however, no advantage of preoperative radiation therapy could be shown.
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Diablo Medical Center for his radiation therapy .
treatment
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The mean time interval between completion of radiation treatment and surgery was 10 days.
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From Monday to Friday, Amaro, 55, has been receiving radiation treatment .
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Voice over Christine has just been given the all clear ... but only after an intensive five weeks of radiation treatment .
■ VERB
absorb
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Diamond absorbs infrared radiation by a slightly more complex process.
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Scientists can learn much about the nature of an object by studying the way it emits and absorbs light and other radiation .
associate
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The penalty for using a reactor is that we must carry the weight of the reactor and its associated radiation shielding.
cause
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This is the technique which detects stored energy in the crystal lattice of minerals, caused by natural radiation .
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The likely deaths from cancer caused by radiation are still small: 0.1% extra cancers among those affected in 40 years.
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The survey also came up with 10 reported cases of cataracts, which can also be caused by radiation exposure.
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Medical therapy of diarrhoea caused by chronic radiation enteritis has been largely empirical and there have been no adequate controlled studies.
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C, caused by radiation in the environment.
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They did not cause any radiation leaks and posed no danger to the environment.
emit
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All matter at temperatures above that of absolute zero emits infrared radiation .
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Energy lost by electrons as they are evicted from their traps is emitted as light radiation and is termed thermoluminescence.
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But a body with a particular temperature must emit radiation at a certain rate.
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The lamps emit ultra-violet radiation which has powerful cancer-causing abilities, according to a small pilot study on its effects on mice.
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The isotopes are measured by counting their alpha emissions; each isotope emits alpha radiation of a characteristic frequency.
expose
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An ordinary body exposed to radiation absorbs some of it and reflects the rest.
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If I angered Kosinski, he might eliminate me, the way that Tarden cleverly exposed Veronika to radiation without her knowledge.
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The general public is constantly exposed to radiation .
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One woman died despite intensive treatment and none had been exposed to radiation or other factors known to cause the disease.
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People exposed to radiation at work.
measure
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On the ground, teams of scientists will measure the amount of radiation reaching the earth.
produce
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The ionization is produced by solar uv radiation and by energetic ions and electrons from the magnetosphere.
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Capital cost is nearly £7 for every watt of electrical energy to be produced by solar radiation .
receive
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These minerals receive radiation both internally, from the ceramic, and externally, from the burial environment and cosmic rays.
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But the crews of high-altitude aircraft, especially on polar routes, can receive significant amounts of radiation over time.
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If workers had been in the vicinity, they would have received high doses of radiation .
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From Monday to Friday, Amaro, 55, has been receiving radiation treatment.
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When minerals such as quartz and feldspars have received a radiation dose and are then heated, they emit light.
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For instance, members can now receive radiation oncology, eye surgery, and emergency cardiac care from Summit Medical Center.
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For some, the visit is a welcome break from medical treatment they're receiving for radiation sickness.
use
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On a practical point I noticed that the colours weren't as bright on the low radiation monitors that I used .
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The device uses radiation to destroy tumors and vascular malformations with pinpoint accuracy.
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We shall use the term secondary radiation to refer to radiation coming from or absorbed in a plant.
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Lunar dirt can easily be used as radiation shielding, and metals can be made as a byproduct of oxygen production.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
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Clouds prevent the radiation of Earth's warmth into space.
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Sensors detected a dangerous level of radiation .
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solar radiation
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The tumors are treated with radiation .
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
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Diamond absorbs infrared radiation by a slightly more complex process.
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Harmful quantities of radiation are also released both before and after the uranium fuel enters the power station.
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Most threatening of these for the marine ecosystem is the exposure to increased ultra-violet radiation through the depletion of the ozone layer.
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Souquet etal also emphasised the difficulty in interpreting parietal thickening in patients evaluated after radiation therapy.
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The 20 tonnes of lead in the batteries has been found to have an immeasurably low level of background radiation .
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The age of an archaeological specimen can therefore be determined by dividing the total radiation dose by the annual radiation dose.
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The object's surface is heated by radiation from the atmospheric shock front.