I. Du ‧ val ‧ i ‧ er, Fran ‧ çois /duːˈvælieɪ, djuː- $ ˌduːvɑːlˈjeɪ, ˈfrɑːnswɑː $ frɑːnˈswɑː/ BrE AmE
(1907–71) the President of Haiti from 1957 to 1971. Known as ‘Papa Doc’, he ruled as a ↑ dictator and had a private army of soldiers called the Tontons Macoutes, who helped him to prevent any opposition to his government. He was famous for being very violent and cruel.
II. Duvalier, Jean-Claude /ʒɒn kləʊd $ ʒɑːn-/ BrE AmE
(1951–) the President of Haiti from 1971 to 1986. Known as ‘Baby Doc’ because he was the son of François Duvalier and only 20 when he became President, he also ruled as a ↑ dictator until he was forced to leave Haiti in 1986.