TO


Meaning of TO in English

I. tə, tu̇, ˈtü preposition

Etymology: Middle English, from Old English tō; akin to Old High German zuo to, Latin do nec as long as, until

Date: before 12th century

1.

a. — used as a function word to indicate movement or an action or condition suggestive of movement toward a place, person, or thing reached

drove to the city

went back to the original idea

went to lunch

b. — used as a function word to indicate direction

a mile to the south

turned his back to the door

a tendency to silliness

c. — used as a function word to indicate contact or proximity

applied polish to the table

put her hand to her heart

d.

(1) — used as a function word to indicate the place or point that is the far limit

100 miles to the nearest town

(2) — used as a function word to indicate the limit of extent

stripped to the waist

e. — used as a function word to indicate relative position

perpendicular to the floor

2.

a. — used as a function word to indicate purpose, intention, tendency, result, or end

came to our aid

drink to his health

b. — used as a function word to indicate the result of an action or a process

broken all to pieces

go to seed

to their surprise, the train left on time

3. — used as a function word to indicate position or relation in time: as

a. : before

five minutes to five

b. : till

from eight to five

up to now

4. — used as a function word to indicate addition, attachment, connection, belonging, possession, accompaniment, or response

the key to the door

danced to live music

comes to her call

5. — used as a function word (1) to indicate the extent or degree (as of completeness or accuracy)

loyal to a man

generous to a fault

or the extent and result (as of an action or a condition)

beaten to death

(2) to indicate the last or an intermediate point of a series

moderate to cool temperatures

6.

a. — used as a function word (1) to indicate a relation to one that serves as a standard

inferior to her earlier works

(2) to indicate similarity, correspondence, dissimilarity, or proportion

compared him to a god

b. — used as a function word to indicate agreement or conformity

add salt to taste

to my knowledge

c. — used as a function word to indicate a proportion in terms of numbers or quantities

400 to the box

odds of ten to one

7.

a. — used as a function word (1) to indicate the application of an adjective or a noun

agreeable to everyone

attitude to friends

title to the property

(2) to indicate the relation of a verb to its complement or to a complementary element

refers to the traditions

refers us to the traditions

(3) to indicate the receiver of an action or the one for which something is done or exists

spoke to his mother

gives a dollar to the man

and often used with a reflexive pronoun to indicate exclusiveness (as of possession) or separateness

had the house to themselves

thought to herself

b. — used as a function word to indicate agency

falls to his opponent's blows

8. — used as a function word to indicate that the following verb is an infinitive

wants to go

and often used by itself at the end of a clause in place of an infinitive suggested by the preceding context

knows more than she seems to

II. ˈtü adverb

Date: before 12th century

1.

a. — used as a function word to indicate direction toward

feathers wrong end to

run to and fro

b. : close to the wind

the gale having gone over, we came to — R. H. Dana

2.

a. : into contact especially with the frame — used of a door or a window

the door snapped to

b. — used as a function word to indicate physical application or attachment

he…hath set to his seal — John 3:33(Authorized Version)

3. — used as a function word to indicate application or attention

will stand to — Shakespeare

4. : to a state of consciousness or awareness

brings her to with smelling salts

5. : at hand : by

get to see 'em close to — Richard Llewellyn

Merriam-Webster's Collegiate English vocabulary.      Энциклопедический словарь английского языка Merriam Webster.