WYNTOUN, ANDREW OF

born c. 1350 died c. 1423 Scottish chronicler whose Orygynale Cronykil is a prime historical source for the later 14th and early 15th centuries and is one of the few long examples of Middle Scots writing. Wyntoun was a canon of St. Andrews, and, from about 1393 to his retirement because of old age in 1421, he served as prior of St. Serf's, Loch Leven (Kinross, Scotland). Written for Sir John Wemyss of Leuchars, Fife, his chronicle is a long (nine books) and prosaic vernacular compendium in octosyllabic couplets that traces the history of mankind (especially in Scotland) from the creation up to 1420. Wyntoun drew freely on ancient monastic records, Latin chronicles, standard ecclesiastical authorities, and other Scottish chronicles. The Orygynale Cronykil is the original source for the encounter between Macbeth and the weird sisters that appears in Shakespeare's Macbeth. It is valuable for its account of the death of the Scottish hero Robert Bruce.