SO


Meaning of SO in English

Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.

1.

You use ~ to refer back to ~mething that has just been mentioned.

‘Do you think that made much of a difference to the family?’—‘I think ~.’...

If you can’t play straight, then say ~...

‘Is he the kind of man who can be as flexible as he needs to be?’—‘ Well, I hope ~.’...

ADV: ADV after v

2.

You use ~ when you are saying that ~mething which has just been said about one per~n or thing is al~ true of another one.

I enjoy Ann’s company and ~ does Martin...

They had a wonderful time and ~ did I...

ADV: ADV cl

3.

You use the structures as...~ and just as...~ when you want to indicate that two events or situations are similar in ~me way.

As computer systems become even more ~phisticated, ~ too do the methods of those who exploit the technology...

Just as John has changed, ~ has his wife...

CONJ

4.

If you say that a state of affairs is ~, you mean that it is the way it has been described.

Gold has been a poor investment over the past 20 years, and will continue to be ~...

It is strange to think that he held strong views on many things, but it must have been ~.

ADV: v-link ADV

5.

You can use ~ with actions and gestures to show a per~n how to do ~mething, or to indicate the size, height, or length of ~mething.

Clasp the chain like ~.

ADV: ADV after v

6.

You use ~ and ~ that to introduce the result of the situation you have just mentioned.

I am not an emotional type and ~ cannot bring myself to tell him I love him...

People are living longer than ever before, ~ even people who are 65 or 70 have a surprising amount of time left...

There was snow everywhere, ~ that the shape of things was difficult to identify.

CONJ

7.

You use ~, ~ that, and ~ as to introduce the rea~n for doing the thing that you have just mentioned.

Come to my suite ~ I can tell you all about this wonderful play I saw in Boston...

He took her arm and hurried her upstairs ~ that they wouldn’t be overheard...

I was beginning to feel alarm, but kept it to myself ~ as not to worry our two friends.

CONJ

8.

You can use ~ in stories and accounts to introduce the next event in a series of events or to suggest a connection between two events.

The woman asked if he could perhaps mend her fences, and ~ he stayed...

I thought, ‘Here’s ~meone who’ll understand me.’ So I wrote to her...

And ~ Christmas passed.

ADV: ADV cl

9.

You can use ~ in conversations to introduce a new topic, or to introduce a question or comment about ~mething that has been said.

So how was your day?...

So you’re a runner, huh?...

So, as I said to you, natural medicine is al~ known as holistic medicine...

And ~, to answer your question, that’s why your mother is disappointed...

‘I didn’t find him funny at all.’—‘So you won’t watch the show again then?’...

ADV: ADV cl

10.

You can use ~ in conversations to show that you are accepting what ~meone has just said.

‘It makes me feel, well, important.’—‘And ~ you are.’...

‘You know who Diana was, Grandfather.’—‘So I do!’...

‘Why, this is nothing but common vegetable ~up!‘—‘So it is, madam.’...

ADV: ADV cl

11.

You say ‘So?’ and ‘So what?’ to indicate that you think that ~mething that ~meone has said is unimportant. (INFORMAL)

‘My name’s Bruno.’—‘So?’...

‘You take a chance on the weather if you holiday in the UK.’—‘So what?’...

CONVENTION

12.

You can use ~ in front of adjectives and adverbs to emphasize the quality that they are describing.

He was surprised they had married–they had seemed ~ different...

What is ~ compromising about being an employee of the state?

ADV: ADV adj/adv emphasis

13.

You can use ~...that and ~...as to emphasize the degree of ~mething by mentioning the result or consequence of it.

The tears were streaming ~ fast she could not see...

The deal seems ~ attractive it would be ridiculous to say no...

He’s not ~ daft as to listen to rumours.

ADV: ADV adj that, ADV adj as to-inf emphasis

14.

see al~ in~far as

15.

You use and ~ on or and ~ forth at the end of a list to indicate that there are other items that you could al~ mention.

...the Government’s policies on such important issues as health, education, tax and ~ on...

PHRASE: cl/group PHR

16.

You use ~ much and ~ many when you are saying that there is a definite limit to ~mething but you are not saying what this limit is.

There is only ~ much time in the day for answering letters...

Even the greatest city can support only ~ many lawyers.

PHRASE: PHR n

17.

You use the structures not...~ much and not ~ much...as to say that ~mething is one kind of thing rather than another kind.

I did not really object to Will’s behaviour ~ much as his per~nality...

PHRASE

18.

You use or ~ when you are giving an approximate amount.

Though rates are heading down, they still offer real returns of 8% or ~...

Matt got me a room there for a week or ~ when I first came here...

PHRASE: amount PHR vagueness

19.

~ much the better: see better

ever ~: see ever

~ far ~ good: see far

~ long: see long

~ much for: see much

~ much ~: see much

every ~ often: see often

~ there: see there

Collins COBUILD.      Толковый словарь английского языка для изучающих язык Коллинз COBUILD (международная база данных языков Бирмингемского университета) .