INTEGRATED (WATER) RESOURCE PLANNING (IRP)

A comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to water resource planning that encompasses water resource assessment, demand considerations, analysis of alternatives, risk management, resource diversity, environmental considerations, least-cost analysis, multidimensional modeling, and participatory decision making and public input, among other factors. Integrated Resource Planning begins with specific policy objectives that are applied to extensive lists of options for water supply sources, distribution systems, or other operational requirements. The options are then narrowed after evaluating demand requirements, environmental impacts, conservation options, costs, risks, and other aspects of a project. IRP involves a dynamic process of assessing demand and supply conditions and creatively integrating alternatives and new technologies. While the concepts of IRP are relatively new to the process of water planning, it has been used extensively in the energy industry. As a planning process it helps decision makers select the best mix of water resources, facilities, and conservation measures to meet water demands. In addition to traditional planning techniques, IRP also (1) Includes extensive public involvement; (2) Considers both supply-side (resources and facilities) and demand-side (conservation) alternatives as ways of meeting demands; (3) Considers goals and objectives in addition to dollar costs (e.g., environmental concerns, public acceptability, etc.); (4) Considers uncertainty in demand forecasts, regulations, etc.; and (5) Considers the effect of water rates on water demands.