CALCULUS


Meaning of CALCULUS in English

n.

Field of mathematics that analyzes aspects of change in processes or systems that can be modeled by function s.

Through its two primary tools

the derivative and the integral

it allows precise calculation of rates of change and of the total amount of change in such a system. The derivative and the integral grew out of the idea of a limit , the logical extension of the concept of a function over smaller and smaller intervals. The relationship between differential calculus and integral calculus , known as the fundamental theorem of calculus , was discovered in the late 17th century independently by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz . Calculus was one of the major scientific breakthroughs of the modern era.

Britannica Concise Encyclopedia.      Краткая энциклопедия Британика.