n.
born Nov. 22, 1868, Red River county, Texas, U.S.
died Nov. 7, 1967, Uvalde, Texas
U.S. politician.
He practiced law before serving in the U.S. House of Representatives (190333), where he rose to become speaker in 1931. Adept at backstage maneuvering, he supported the graduated income tax and the Federal Reserve System. Elected vice president under Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932 and 1936, he was a conservative in the New Deal administration; he broke with Roosevelt in his second term over Roosevelt's attempt to pack (enlarge) the U.S. Supreme Court. He retired to his Texas ranch in 1941.