born Nov. 11, 1599, Florence
died Aug. 11, 1656, Vienna
Italian general.
He entered the service of the Habsburgs in 1616 and became a trusted lieutenant to Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Wallenstein . Overlooked for advancement, he turned against his superior and conspired in his assassination (1634). He served Spain against the French in the Netherlands and won the Battle of Thionville (1639), for which he was created duke of Amalfi. In 1648 Emperor Ferdinand III named him commander in chief, and he conducted the last campaign of the Thirty Years' War . He represented Austria at the Congress of Nürnberg (1649), which negotiated issues left unsettled by the Peace of Westphalia .