SCHILLER, FRIEDRICH VON

Additional reading For detailed bibliographical information, see Wolfgang Vulpius, Schiller-Bibliographie, 18931958 (1959); and R. Pick (comp.), Schiller in England, 17871960: A Bibliography, Publications of the English Goethe Society, vol. 30 (1961). Two of the principal modern editions of Schiller's works are the centenary edition, the Skular-Ausgabe, ed. by Eduard von der Hellen, 16 vol. (190405); and the Horenausgabe, ed. by C. Schuddekopf and C. Hofer, 22 vol. (191026), which presents Schiller's oeuvre, including most of his letters, in chronological order. Schiller's style does not readily lend itself to translation into English; most of the existing English versions of his works do not rise above mediocrity. Wallenstein is the outstanding exception: Die Piccolomini and Wallensteins Tod were translated by Coleridge, at a time when the poet, who had just returned from his visit to Germany, was still at the height of his powers. Among later contributions, a translation of the letters On the Aesthetic Education of Man by E.M. Wilkinson and L.A. Willoughby (1967, with elaborate commentary), deserves to be specially mentioned.Of the many biographies, see Thomas Carlyle, Life of Friedrich Schiller (1825), the earliest monograph on Schiller of any lasting value; Jakob Minor, Schiller, 2 vol. (1890); Karl Berger, Schiller, 2 vol. (190509); Herbert Cysarz, Schiller (1934); William Witte, Schiller (1949); Melitta Gerhard, Schiller (1950); Reinhard Buchwald, Schiller, 2 vol., rev. ed. (195354); Bernhard Zeller, Schiller, eine Bildbiographie (1958), richly illustrated; Gerhard Storz, Der Dichter Friedrich Schiller (1959); Benno von Wiese, Schiller (1959); Emil Staiger, Friedrich Schiller (1967); and Charles E. Passage, Friedrich Schiller (1975). The biographies by Carlyle, Witte, and Passage are in English; all others are in German. Major Works: Plays. Die Ruber (1781; The Robbers, trans. by A.F. Tytler, Lord Woodhouselee, 1792; and the Rev. W. Render, 1799); Die Verschwrung des Fiesko zu Genua (1783; Fiesco; or The Genoese Conspiracy, trans. by G.H. Noehden and J. Stoddart, 1796); Kabale und Liebe (1784; first trans. as Cabal and Love, 1795; The Minister, trans. by M.G. Lewis, 1798); Don Carlos, Infant von Spanien (1787; first trans. 1798; also trans. by J. Kirkup in The Classic Theatre, vol. 2, 1959); Wallenstein, ein dramatisches Gedicht (1800; trans. by C.E. Passage, and in Schiller's Tragedies: The Piccolomini and the Death of Wallenstein, trans. by S.T. Coleridge, 1840); Maria Stuart (1801; first trans. 1801; also by L.A. Rhoades, 1894; and Mary Stuart, trans. by S. Spender, 1959); Die Jungfrau von Orleans (1801; The Maid of Orleans, first trans. 1835; also trans. by L. Filmore, 1882); Die Braut von Messina oder die feindlichen Brder (1803; The Bride of Messina, first trans. 1837; also trans. by A. Lodge, 1841, and, in English verse, by E. Allfrey, 1876); Wilhelm Tell (1804; first trans. 1829; rev. trans. by W. Peter, 1968); Demetrius (unfinished) (1805; trans., together with part of The Bride of Messina by C. Hodges, 1836). Verse. Anthologie auf das Jahr 1782 (1782); Xenien, with Goethe (1796; both trans. in the Complete Works, trans. by S.T. Coleridge et al., with careful revision and new translation, C.J. Hempel, 2 vol., 1870); Gedichte, 2 vol. (180003). Many of Schiller's poems are collected in The Poems of Schiller, trans. by E.P. Arnold Forster (1901), and The Ballads and Shorter Poems of Frederick v. Schiller, trans. by G. Clarke (1901), as well as in the Complete Works. Novels. Der Verbrecher aus Infamie (1786, later pub. as Der Verbrecher aus verlorener Ehre, 1802; The Criminal from Lost Honour, trans. by J. Oxenford and C.A. Feiling, 1844); Der Geisterseher (1789; The Apparitionist, trans. by T. Roscoe in The German Novelists, vol. 3, 1826).