born с 999, Tours, Touraine
died Jan. 10, 1088, priory of Saint-Cosme, near Tours
French theologian.
He became canon of Tours Cathedral and archdeacon of Angers (с 1040). He rejected the prevailing eucharistic theology and argued against any material change to the bread and wine. He was opposed by numerous theologians, most notably Lanfranc , and may have been excommunicated (1050) by Pope Leo IX . He was condemned by the Council of Vercelli (1050) and the Synod at Paris (1051). After a compromise, he was again condemned in 1076, 1078, 1079, and 1080 and spent the rest of his life in ascetic solitude.