born April 13, 1963, Baku, Azerbaijan, U.S.S.R.
Russian chess master.
He became an international grandmaster following his victory in the 1980 World Junior (under 20) Championship. In 1984–85 Kasparov met world champion Anatoly Karpov in a match that was aborted after five months of play; in late 1985, Kasparov won a 24-game return match 13–11. The International Chess Federation (FIDE) stripped him of his title in 1993 in a conflict over the venue for a championship match, but the rest of the chess world still accepted him as champion. In 1996 Kasparov defeated IBM's custom-built chess computer Deep Blue in a match that attracted worldwide attention. In a 1997 rematch, an upgraded Deep Blue prevailed. In 2000 Kasparov lost a 16-game championship match to Vladimir Kramnik of Russia.