BRITTLE STAR

also called serpent star any of the 2,000 living species of marine invertebrates comprising the class Ophiuroidea (phylum Echinodermata). Their long, thin armsusually five and often forked and spinyare distinctly set off from the small disk-shaped body. The arms readily break off but soon regrowi.e., are regenerated. The mouth, on the underside of the body, has five teeth; an anus is lacking; and the tube feet serve mainly as sense organs for detecting light and odour. The animal feeds by extending one or more arms into the water or over the mud, the other arms serving as anchors. Brittle stars, although mainly scavengers and plankton feeders, sometimes trap sizable animals. They are capable of moving jerkily but usually cling to the seafloor or to sponges or cnidarians (e.g., coral). Brittle stars occupy many marine habitats, often at great depths. The most widespread species is the long-armed brittle star (Amphipholis squamata), a grayish or bluish species that is strongly luminescent. Two of the best-known littoral species are the green brittle star (Ophioderma brevispina), found from Massachusetts to Brazil, and the common European brittle star (Ophiothrix fragilis). Brittle stars with many-branched, much-coiled arms are called basket stars. Most live in deep waters.