CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF

state university with campuses at Berkeley (main campus), Davis, Irvine, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Diego at La Jolla, San Francisco, Santa Barbara, and Santa Cruz. The university had its origins in 1855 in Oakland. In 1873 it moved to Berkeley, where a comprehensive range of graduate and undergraduate courses is offered. The Davis campus, a farm in 1905 and then part of the College of Agriculture, became a general campus in 1959. The San Francisco campus, originally the university's Medical Center (1873), has schools of medicine, nursing, dentistry, and pharmacy, the university hospital, and various medical clinics and research organizations. The San Francisco Art Institute and Hastings College of the Law, both affiliated with the university, are also there. The Los Angeles branch (UCLA), now the chief rival of Berkeley, was founded in 1919 as the Southern Branch of the university and received its present title in 1927. It is increasingly graduate in character but gives complete university training. Its facilities include schools of law, medicine, and engineering. The Riverside campus, originally the Citrus Experiment Station (1907), became a general campus in 1959. The San Diego campus (at La Jolla), founded as a marine station, became part of the university in 1912. At this campus are the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and Revelle (1964) and Muir (1967) colleges. Twelve undergraduate colleges are planned for the San Diego campus. Santa Barbara (1891) became part of the university in 1944. Santa Cruz and Irvine (1965) feature clusters of small, separate liberal-arts colleges as units of the parent institutions. The Los Alamos National Laboratory (formerly called Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory), New Mexico, is operated under contract with the federal government.