CARSTARES, WILLIAM

born Feb. 11, 1649, Cathcart, near Glasgow, Scot. died Dec. 28, 1715, Edinburgh Carstares also spelled Carstairs Presbyterian minister and leader of the Scottish church at the time of the Revolution Settlement. Carstares was ordained in exile in Holland. During the reign of Charles II he was twice arrested for subversive activities in England and Scotland. At the time of the Rye House plot, an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow Charles, he confessed his complicity under torture in Edinburgh but was allowed to return to Holland, where he became minister to an English-speaking congregation at Leiden (1685) and chaplain to Prince William of Orange. After William's accession to the English throne (the Settlement of 1688), Carstares headed the Church of Scotland and University of Edinburgh. Later he advised Queen Anne on the treaty uniting Scotland and England (1707) and successfully maintained the independent Presbyterian nature of the Church of Scotland.