DEMETRIUS I SOTER

(Greek: Saviour) born c. 187 BC died 150 king of Syria from 162 to 150 BC. He was one of the line of rulers of the Seleucid dynasty, founded in 312 by a Macedonian successor of Alexander the Great. The son of King Seleucus IV Philopator (reigned 187 to 175), Demetrius was sent to Rome as a hostage during his father's reign. While he was away, Syria came under the rule of his uncle, Antiochus IV Ephiphanes (d. 164), and then of his cousin, Antiochus V. Aided by the Greek statesman and historian Polybius, Demetrius escaped from Rome in 162 and returned to Syria to claim the throne. He defeated the rebel general Timarchus and was recognized as king by the Roman Senate. In 160 he crushed a Jewish rebellion in Palestine. Demetrius died while fighting the pretender Alexander Balas, who was supported by Rome, Egypt, and Pergamum.