HALDIMAND, SIR FREDERICK

born Aug. 11, 1718, Yverdon, Switz. died June 5, 1791, Yverdon British general who served as governor of Quebec province from 1778 to 1786. Haldimand entered British service in 1756 as a lieutenant colonel in the Royal American Regiment. He served in Sir Jeffrey Amherst's expedition (1760) against Montreal during the Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France, then stayed there as second in command after the French capitulation. In 1762 he became lieutenant governor of Trois-Rivires and in 1767 commander at Pensacola, Fla. Haldimand served as commander in chief of the British army in North America at Boston in 177374, then was recalled to England and denied higher command because of his foreign birth. In 1778, however, during the U.S. War of Independence, he succeeded Sir Guy Carleton as governor in chief of Quebec province. Haldimand conducted no major operations during the war but helped settle Loyalist refugees and initiated reunion negotiations between Vermont and Great Britain. His severity toward rebel sympathizers and resistance to political pressure made him unpopular with both the French and English in Quebec. He returned to England in 1784 and was knighted in 1785.