HARVARD, JOHN

born Nov. 1607, London, Eng. died Sept. 14, 1638, Boston, Mass. New England colonist whose bequest permitted the firm establishment of Harvard College. John Harvard was the son of a butcher and of the daughter of a cattle merchant and alderman of Stratford-on-Avon. The plague killed his father and most of his brothers and sisters in 1625. His mother remarried, and John was sent by his mother and stepfather to Emmanuel College, Cambridge, in 1627. He was graduated in 1631 and received a masters degree in 1635. He married in 1637 and sailed for New England the following year. On Nov. 2, 1637, Harvard became a freeman of Charlestown, Massachusetts Bay Colony, where he immediately was recognized as a learned and pious man. He served as assistant pastor of the First Church of Charlestown, and he was appointed a member of the committee to help compile the Body of Liberties. Harvard had inherited considerable property in England, and he was wealthier than most of his colonial contemporaries. When he died of tuberculosis a little less than a year after arriving in Charlestown, he left an estate of about 1,600. In his will he directed that half his money, along with his collection of classical and theological literature, be given to a school recently created in neighbouring New Towne, soon to be renamed Cambridge. The school had been founded in 1636, and Harvard's gift assured its continued operation. In 1639 the Massachusetts General Court decreed that the school be named Harvard College in gratitude to its first large benefactor. In 1828 Harvard alumni erected a granite monument to John Harvard's memory, and a seated statue of the ever-memorable benefactor of learning and religion in America, as Edward Everett called him, was given to Harvard University in 1884.