HOGARTH, WILLIAM

born Nov. 10, 1697, London died Oct. 26, 1764, London the first great English-born artist to attract admiration abroad, best known for his moral and satirical engravings and paintingse.g., A Rake's Progress (eight scenes, begun 1732). His attempts to build a reputation as a history painter and portraitist, however, met with financial disappointment, and his aesthetic theories had more influence in Romantic literature than in painting. Susan Elizabeth Benenson The Editors of the Encyclopdia Britannica Additional reading William Hogarth, The Analysis of Beauty with the Rejected Passages from the Manuscript Drafts and Autobiographical Notes, ed. by Joseph Burke (1955), including a critical essay on Hogarth's aesthetics; John Nichols, Biographical Ancecdotes of William Hogarth, 3rd ed., enlarged and corrected (1785, reissued 1971), a gossipy outline based partly on contemporary reminiscences; John Ireland, Hogarth Illustrated, 3rd ed., 3 vol. (1812), a commentary on the prints, with a tidied version of the Notes; Anecdotes of William Hogarth Written by Himself (1833, reprinted 1970), including a useful catalog of the prints; Austin Dobson, William Hogarth, new and enlarged ed. (1907), a reliable biography and an important bibliographical source; Stanley E. Read, A Bibliography of Hogarth Books and Studies, 19001940 (1941); Francis D. Klingender (ed.), Hogarth and English Caricature (1944), with valuable plates; Robert E. Moore, Hogarth's Literary Relationships (1948, reissued 1969); Adolf P. Opp, The Drawings of William Hogarth (1948), a critical catalogue raisonn; Ronald B. Beckett, Hogarth (1949, reissued 1955), a study of the paintings; Ellis K. Waterhouse, Painting in Britain, 15301790, 4th ed. (1978), a useful summary of Hogarth and contemporary figures; Peter Quennell, Hogarth's Progress (1955, reprinted 1973), a light and chatty account; Frederick Antal, Hogarth and His Place in European Art (1962), a Marxist analysis of Hogarth's cultural milieu and sources; Ronald Paulson, Hogarth's Graphic Works, rev. ed., 2 vol. (1970), an excellent catalog, with an illuminating introduction and bibliography; see also Paulson's Hogarth: His Life, Art, and Times, 2 vol. (1971), and The Art of Hogarth (1975); Derek Jarrett, The Ingenious Mr. Hogarth (1976), by a Paulson adherent, but more readable; Jack Lindsay, Hogarth (1979); and David Bindman, Hogarth (1981), good general biographies. Major Works: Paintings The Beggar's Opera (1728; Tate Gallery, London); Captain Woodes Rogers and His Family (1729; National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London); The Wedding of Stephen Beckingham and Mary Cox (172930; Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City); A Musical Party (c. 1730; Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, Eng.); The Fountaine Family (c. 1730; Philadelphia Museum of Art); A Fishing Party (c. 1730; Dulwich College Picture Gallery, London); The Conquest of Mexico (The Indian Emperor) (1731; Earl of Ilchester's Collection, London); The Cholmondeley Family (1732; Marquis of Cholmondeley's Collection); A Rake's Progress (eight scenes, begun 1732; Sir John Soane's Museum, London); Southwark Fair (1733; Lady Oakes' Collection); The Distressed Poet (c. 1735; City Museum and Art Gallery, Birmingham, Eng.); The Good Samaritan (1735; St. Bartholemew's Hospital, London); The Four Times of the Day (c. 1736; Viscount Bearsted and the Earl of Ancaster Collection); Captain Thomas Coram (1740; Foundling Hospital, London); Miss Mary Edwards (c. 1740; Frick Collection, New York City); The Graham Children (1742; National Gallery, London); Marriage la Mode (six scenes, 1743; Tate Gallery); Garrick in the Character of Richard III (1745; Earl of Feversham Collection); Mrs. Elizabeth Salter (1744; National Gallery); Self-Portrait (1745; National Gallery); Lord George Graham in His Cabin (1745; National Maritime Museum); Moses Brought Before Pharaoh's Daughter (1746; Foundling Hospital); An Election (four scenes, 175458; Sir John Soane's Museum); The Ascension (1756; St. Mary Redcliffe, Bristol, Eng.); Hogarth's Servants (c. 1758; National Gallery); Picquet, or Virtue in Danger (175859; Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo); The Shrimp Girl (c. 1759; National Gallery). Engravings Masquerades and Operas (1724; Burlington Gate); A Harlot's Progress (173132); A Rake's Progress (1735); The Strolling Actresses Dressing in a Barn (1738); Marriage la Mode (1745); Industry and Idleness (1747); Beer Street and Gin Lane (1751); The Four Stages of Cruelty (1751); The Invasion (two plates, 1756); The Bench (1758); The Times, I (1762).