MENENDEZ PIDAL, RAMON

born , March 13, 1869, La Corua, Spain died Nov. 14, 1968, Madrid scholar whose work on the origins of the Spanish language, as well as critical editions of texts, generated a revival of the study of medieval Spanish poetry and chronicles. Professor of Romance philology at the University of Madrid (18991939), he was also director of the Centre of Historical Studies. Among his first notable works were Manual de gramtica histrica espaola elemental (1904; Manual of Historical Spanish Grammar) and the commentary El cantar de mo Cid (190811; The Song of My Cid). Founding editor in 1914 of the Revista de filologa espaola (Journal of Spanish Philology), he was also twice president of the Spanish Academy (192939 and 194868). Menndez' vast and meticulous research included monographs on folklore, literary history, the stylistics of Theresa of vila, Lope de Vega, and others, and on etymology and place-names. Throughout all his works Menndez Pidal stressed the native roots of Spanish culture, including the Basque, Gothic, and Arabic. Origenes del espaol (1926; Origins of Spanish) was followed by La Espaa del Cid, 2 vol. (1929; The Cid and His Spain). His monumental Historia de Espaa (History of Spain), which he began to edit in the 1930s, was incomplete at the time of his death. Its introduction, however, Los espaoles en la historia y en la literatura (1947; The Spaniards in Their History: An Analysis of Spain's National Characteristics), is one of his most accessible works for the general reader.